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2015 - Cities Risks And Timescales
| Row number | City Name | Account No | Country | City Short Name | C40 | Reporting Year | Effects of climate change | Magnitude | Anticipated timescale in years | Impact description | City Location | Country Location |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 651 | Singapore Government | 35993 | Singapore | Singapore | C40 | 2015 | Frequent/Intense Rainfall | Serious | Medium-term | An increase in the frequency of extreme rainfall events may increase the risk of flash floods. | (51.9055346°, 4.4742753°) | (1.352083°, 103.819836°) |
| 652 | City of Edmonton | 43912 | Canada | Edmonton | 2015 | Temperature Increase/Heatwaves | Extremely serious | Short-term | If global average temperature rise of 2 degrees centigrade materializes and the climate changes take place as forecast above, the local and planetary food supplies which depend on consistent weather patterns for planting, growth, and harvesting, could be severely hampered under the right conditions. | (53.544389°, -113.4909267°) | (56.130366°, -106.346771°) | |
| 653 | City of Las Vegas | 10495 | USA | Las Vegas | 2015 | Temperature Increase/Heatwaves | Less serious | Medium-term | Higher extreme temperatures can increase the urban heat island effect. On a hot summer day, the sun can heat darker and more exposed urban surfaces, such as roofs and pavement, to temperatures 50–90°F hotter than the mean air temperature. The surrounding desert environment can also contribute to and intensify the urban heat island effect | (36.1699412°, -115.1398296°) | (37.09024°, -95.712891°) | |
| 654 | Gemeente Rotterdam | 31179 | Netherlands | Rotterdam | C40 | 2015 | Temperature Increase/Heatwaves | Less serious | Medium-term | Impacts on human health | (51.9163716°, 4.4509382°) | (52.132633°, 5.291266°) |
| 655 | City of Amsterdam | 31148 | Netherlands | Amsterdam | C40 | 2015 | Temperature Increase/Heatwaves | Serious | Medium-term | (52.3702157°, 4.8951679°) | (52.132633°, 5.291266°) | |
| 656 | City of Lisbon | 36159 | Portugal | Lisbon | 2015 | Frequent/Intense Rainfall | Less serious | Current | Portugal and Lisbon Region have faced in the last decades some visible change on seasonality of rainfall. Dry winters have become more frequent in the last years. | (38.7222524°, -9.1393366°) | (39.399872°, -8.224454°) | |
| 657 | City of San Francisco | 31182 | USA | San Francisco | C40 | 2015 | Temperature Increase/Heatwaves | Serious | Short-term | Impacted Sectors: health, electric power utilities, water utility, buildings: Health Impacts include poor air quality, increase in asthma rates and increase in heat-related mortality. Heat events affecting San Francisco are likely to occur during severe statewide events, spiking air conditioning loads creating power shortages that will affect San Francisco. | (37.7749295°, -122.4194155°) | (37.09024°, -95.712891°) |
| 658 | Suwon city | 44185 | South Korea | Suwon | 2015 | Frequent/Intense Rainfall | Serious | Medium-term | Risk of building submersion | (37.2635727°, 127.0286009°) | (35.907757°, 127.766922°) | |
| 659 | Cascais | 50680 | Portugal | Cascais | 2015 | Drought | Serious | Medium-term | scenarios indicate significant reductions. The actual annual value is 630 mm, in mid-century it will be between 530 and 600 mm and finally, in the end of the century, it will be between 420 and 580 mm. These reductions are expected during the year, but there is a possible exception in January and March. | (38.6970565°, -9.4222945°) | (39.399872°, -8.224454°) | |
| 660 | Prefeitura de Florianópolis | 50384 | Brazil | Florianópolis | 2015 | Storms/Floods | Extremely serious | Current | Financial and material losses. | (-27.5949884°, -48.5481743°) | (-14.235004°, -51.92528°) | |
| 661 | City of Gibraltar | 50650 | Gibraltar | Gibraltar | 2015 | Storms/Floods | Serious | Medium-term | Gibraltar is practically surrounded by sea and due to land space limitations, development takes place close to the coastline. Storm surges could have a serious impact on major infrastructure developments, such as the power generating station and also important amenities such as the hospital and airfield. | (36.1407734°, -5.3535994°) | (36.140751°, -5.353585°) | |
| 662 | Ville de Montreal | 35894 | Canada | Montreal | 2015 | Temperature Increase/Heatwaves | Serious | Short-term | Regional models unanimously predict hotter summers for Montreal which, in turn, will be responsible for an increase in heat wave frequency and intensity. Impacts will include increased health stress on vulnerable populations, an increase in the number of smog episodes, an increase in energy demand, an increase in water demand, an increase in water temperatures and its subsequent impact on ecosystems, a worsening of existing urban heat island effect, and increased frequency of violent storms. Impacts to infrastructure are also possible. | (45.5086699°, -73.5539925°) | (56.130366°, -106.346771°) | |
| 663 | Wellington City Council | 43937 | New Zealand | Wellington | 2015 | Sea Level Rise | Extremely serious | Long-term | - South Coast of Wellington as well as inner-harbour is exposed to increased risks including coastal communities, road networks, state highway, rail, the airport and utilities - Inner-harbour and CBD particularly exposed to risks. | (-41.2864603°, 174.776236°) | (-40.900557°, 174.885971°) | |
| 664 | City of Stockholm | 3429 | Sweden | Stockholm | C40 | 2015 | Frequent/Intense Rainfall | Serious | Current | Risk of flooding and damage to infrastructure and buildings. | (59.3293235°, 18.0685808°) | (60.128161°, 18.643501°) |
| 665 | Tokyo Metropolitan Government | 31111 | Japan | Tokyo | C40 | 2015 | Temperature Increase/Heatwaves | Current | Increased energy consumption due to the rise of air conditioner usage | (35.6896342°, 139.6921007°) | (36.204824°, 138.252924°) | |
| 666 | Mexico City | 31172 | Mexico | Mexico City | C40 | 2015 | Frequent/Intense Rainfall | Serious | Current | The annual accumulated rain in Mexico City shows an increased trend since this parameter has been recorded in the late XIX Century. This provokes more frequent floods in the City. | (19.4326077°, -99.133208°) | (23.634501°, -102.552784°) |
| 667 | Cascais | 50680 | Portugal | Cascais | 2015 | Sea Level Rise | Serious | Medium-term | There is consensus within scientific community that sea level will rise in the next years | (38.6970565°, -9.4222945°) | (39.399872°, -8.224454°) | |
| 668 | Prefeitura do Rio de Janeiro | 31176 | Brazil | Rio de Janeiro | C40 | 2015 | Drought | Extremely serious | Short-term | Climate change is provoking weather extremes, challenging existing meteorological models. Prolonged droughts can cause dramatic decrease in reservoir level, a fact that has come true in the second half of 2014 in São Paulo, affecting the water supply of 12 million people. | (-22.9054389°, -43.5614471°) | (-14.235004°, -51.92528°) |
| 669 | City of Gibraltar | 50650 | Gibraltar | Gibraltar | 2015 | Sea Level Rise | Serious | Long-term | Much of Gibraltar is built upon low lying coastline and reclaimed land. Key infrastructure such as the airfield, the hospital and the power station could all be affected by sea level rise of a metre. | (36.1407734°, -5.3535994°) | (36.140751°, -5.353585°) | |
| 670 | City of Oslo | 14088 | Norway | Oslo | C40 | 2015 | Sea Level Rise | Less serious | Long-term | (59.9138688°, 10.7522454°) | (60.472024°, 8.468946°) | |
| 671 | City of Stockholm | 3429 | Sweden | Stockholm | C40 | 2015 | Frequent/Intense Rainfall | Serious | Short-term | Risk of flooding, especially in the Lake Mälaren catchment area, damage to development. | (59.3293235°, 18.0685808°) | (60.128161°, 18.643501°) |
| 672 | City of Paris | 31175 | France | Paris | C40 | 2015 | Frequent/Intense Rainfall | Less serious | Short-term | Are expected more spring and summer droughts, possibly more intense rainfall throughout the year. Some floods could be expected too. | (48.856614°, 2.3522219°) | (46.227638°, 2.213749°) |
| 673 | Prefeitura de Sorocaba | 50383 | Brazil | Sorocaba | 2015 | Temperature Increase/Heatwaves | Serious | Current | impact on health, services and infrastructure, availability of raw materials, biodiversity | (-23.4774899°, -47.4220615°) | (-14.235004°, -51.92528°) | |
| 674 | Municipality of Belo Horizonte | 35848 | Brazil | Belo Horizonte | 2015 | Temperature Increase/Heatwaves | Less serious | Short-term | discomfort | (38.5198325°, -8.8695345°) | (-14.235004°, -51.92528°) | |
| 675 | City of Seattle | 16581 | USA | Seattle | C40 | 2015 | Temperature Increase/Heatwaves | Serious | Short-term | Increase in road buckling from heat stress and stress on bridges from heat expansion (transport, roads) Increase in demand on electricity load and cooling demand (energy) increase in stress to urban forest (ecosystems) Increase in spread of invasive species and disease vectors (ecosystems, human health) Increase in morbidity and mortality from extreme heat among at-risk populations, including the elderly, very young, economically disadvantaged, those who work outside, and those who have ill health (human health) Decrease in air quality (human health) | (47.6062095°, -122.3320708°) | (37.09024°, -95.712891°) |
| 676 | Gemeente Rotterdam | 31179 | Netherlands | Rotterdam | C40 | 2015 | Other | Less serious | Medium-term | Impact on waterquality en ecology; visual impact: algae; industrial use of cool fresh water supply | (51.9163716°, 4.4509382°) | (52.132633°, 5.291266°) |
| 677 | Jakarta City Government | 31166 | Indonesia | Jakarta | C40 | 2015 | Sea Level Rise | Extremely serious | Short-term | Global warming, which has an impact on the occurrence of extreme weather and sea level rise, coupled with the problems of land subsidence, makes Jakarta susceptible to catastrophic flooding. Certain parts of North Jakarta subsides at a rate of 7,5cm/year while the sea rise at 6mm/year. If nothing is done to alleviate this, it is expected that in 2030, 80% of North Jakarta will be 5 m below mean sea level. | (-6.2087634°, 106.845599°) | (-0.789275°, 113.921327°) |
| 678 | City of Turku | 50154 | Finland | Turku | 2015 | Frequent/Intense Rainfall | Serious | Current | Urban runoff floods, sewer network overflows, property damage and water pollution. | (60.4518126°, 22.2666303°) | (61.92411°, 25.748151°) | |
| 679 | City of Houston | 31108 | USA | Houston | C40 | 2015 | Drought | Serious | Current | More frequent droughts deplete water resources for people and wildlife and cause infrastructure problems. It also leads to drought-stressed trees and vegetation which reduces the urban forest that would normally provide cooling and improve air quality. | (29.7601927°, -95.3693896°) | (37.09024°, -95.712891°) |
| 680 | Seoul Metropolitan Government | 31187 | South Korea | Seoul | C40 | 2015 | Other | Serious | Current | Risky air quality for respiratory patients | (37.566535°, 126.9779692°) | (35.907757°, 127.766922°) |
| 681 | Suwon city | 44185 | South Korea | Suwon | 2015 | Other | Serious | Medium-term | Risk of accidents in potholes due to heavy snow | (37.2635727°, 127.0286009°) | (35.907757°, 127.766922°) | |
| 682 | City of Durban | 35863 | South Africa | Durban | C40 | 2015 | Storms/Floods | Serious | Current | Durban is already experiencing an increased frequency of large storms. These impact upon the poorest communities the hardest, especially those living in inappropriately situated informal settlements. Impacts of large storms include flooding and loss of private and public property and infrastructure, an increased risk of lightning strikes and damage from strong winds. | (-29.8586804°, 31.0218404°) | (-30.559482°, 22.937506°) |
| 683 | City of Baltimore | 35853 | USA | Baltimore | 2015 | Temperature Increase/Heatwaves | Extremely serious | Current | By 2100, average annual temperatures are expected to increase 12°F in Baltimore. We already have very hot summers. Increasing average temperatures will negatively impact human health and wellbeing. | (39.2903848°, -76.6121893°) | (37.09024°, -95.712891°) | |
| 684 | Municipality of Belo Horizonte | 35848 | Brazil | Belo Horizonte | 2015 | Temperature Increase/Heatwaves | Serious | Short-term | more energy and water consuption, more need of cooling rooms | (38.5198325°, -8.8695345°) | (-14.235004°, -51.92528°) | |
| 685 | City of Helsinki | 8242 | Finland | Helsinki | 2015 | Temperature Increase/Heatwaves | Serious | Long-term | Human health, need more air conditioning | (60.1733244°, 24.9410248°) | (61.92411°, 25.748151°) | |
| 686 | Comune di Piacenza | 36495 | Italy | Piacenza | 2015 | Temperature Increase/Heatwaves | Serious | Short-term | (45.0519969°, 9.6926451°) | (41.87194°, 12.56738°) | ||
| 687 | Ayuntamiento de Madrid | 31171 | Spain | Madrid | C40 | 2015 | Temperature Increase/Heatwaves | Extremely serious | Medium-term | It´s expected an increase of 3,5-4 ºC by the year 2050. Vulnerability assesment procces is currently been carried out | (40.1076253°, -3.3875673°) | (40.463667°, -3.74922°) |
| 688 | Prefeitura do Rio de Janeiro | 31176 | Brazil | Rio de Janeiro | C40 | 2015 | Frequent/Intense Rainfall | Serious | Medium-term | The increased contributions of undesirable rainwater from sanitary facilities and a greater infiltration of groundwater into the sewage system due to the higher water table should involve impairment of hydraulic and sanitary operation of all elements of the supply water and sanitation system. | (-22.9054389°, -43.5614471°) | (-14.235004°, -51.92528°) |
| 689 | Prefeitura de Florianópolis | 50384 | Brazil | Florianópolis | 2015 | Storms/Floods | Extremely serious | Medium-term | Financial and material losses. | (-27.5949884°, -48.5481743°) | (-14.235004°, -51.92528°) | |
| 690 | City of Porto | 46514 | Portugal | Porto | 2015 | Temperature Increase/Heatwaves | Less serious | Medium-term | The “National Risk Evaluation Report (Jan 2014)” estimates a moderate susceptibility, given the context of the average temperature tendency in all the regions of Portugal tending to be decreased by the indexes related to cold weather. Therefore days of frost, days with minimum temperatures below 0ºC and cold waves will occur with less frequency and intensity. | (41.1579438°, -8.6291053°) | (39.399872°, -8.224454°) | |
| 691 | City of Zaragoza | 46473 | Spain | Zaragoza | 2015 | Drought | Serious | Current | Como en años anteriores | (41.6488226°, -0.8890853°) | (40.463667°, -3.74922°) | |
| 692 | Prefeitura do Rio de Janeiro | 31176 | Brazil | Rio de Janeiro | C40 | 2015 | Frequent/Intense Rainfall | Extremely serious | Current | Systematic occurrence of storms, linked to local topography and occupation, dates back to the early history of the City and represents the most serious risk factor for the population, due to the landslides and flooding episodes. The tragic history of life and properties losses and the severe social and public health consequences contributed to the creation of the Operation Center COR – Centro de Operações Rio by the Municipality, in order to monitor and optimize the city functions. The Center seeks to anticipate solutions and minimize the occurrences, alerting the responsible sectors of the risks and the urgent measures to be taken in cases of emergencies such as heavy rainfall; Short duration or high density rainfalls should also exacerbate the degradation of urban forests, generating debris flows and rock falls. The increased frequency of rainfall especially in summer should lead to more frequent landslides. The vulnerability of the slopes tend to increase due to the rains, especially where there is informal and uncontrolled expansion of buildings. In scenario projected for 2099, the Tijuca Massif tends to have forest cover reduced to 6% to 20% of its total covered area, considering the rhythm of occupation. With increasing intensity of rains and winds, lagoons and other water bodies must suffer the acceleration of siltation and decreased water quality due to increased sewage discharges, re-suspension of sediments and decreased oxygen concentration, There should be greater input of sediment from the slopes to the lagoons in Barra da Tijuca and Jacarepaguá. In water supply and sanitation systems, there must be an overload on treatment plants, depending on the over-elevation of turbidity, fecal contamination due to heavy rainfall and increased run-off. The structural safety of dams should increase the risk of flooding due to the instantaneous flow of water reservoirs | (-22.9054389°, -43.5614471°) | (-14.235004°, -51.92528°) |
| 693 | City of Oslo | 14088 | Norway | Oslo | C40 | 2015 | Temperature Increase/Heatwaves | Serious | Medium-term | (59.9138688°, 10.7522454°) | (60.472024°, 8.468946°) | |
| 694 | Comune di Ferrara | 36286 | Italy | Ferrara | 2015 | Frequent/Intense Rainfall | Extremely serious | Short-term | (44.8357395°, 11.6189949°) | (41.87194°, 12.56738°) | ||
| 695 | New York City | 3417 | USA | New York | C40 | 2015 | Sea Level Rise | Extremely serious | Long-term | According to the NPCC, by 2050 there could be as much as 2.5 feet of sea level rise (90th percentile). | (40.7127837°, -74.0059413°) | (37.09024°, -95.712891°) |
| 696 | Gemeente Rotterdam | 31179 | Netherlands | Rotterdam | C40 | 2015 | Temperature Increase/Heatwaves | Less serious | Medium-term | Impacts on human health, transport (roads, bridges), possibly public networks (electricity e.g.) | (51.9163716°, 4.4509382°) | (52.132633°, 5.291266°) |
| 697 | City of Chicago | 3203 | USA | Chicago | C40 | 2015 | Temperature Increase/Heatwaves | Serious | Medium-term | See response to "more hot days" for detail. | (41.8781136°, -87.6297982°) | (37.09024°, -95.712891°) |
| 698 | Government of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region | 31169 | Hong Kong | Hong Kong | C40 | 2015 | Storms/Floods | Extremely serious | Current | ►Biodiversity and Nature Conservation: Damage to woodlands, coral communities due to increase in frequency and/or severity of extreme weather ►Built environment and infrastructure: Heavy rain, thunderstorm and extreme weather leading to damaging of building foundations, increased risk of rain penetration of building fabric, and damage to utilities cabling and pipes. Landslides causing damages to buildings and major infrastructures. Serious flooding causing damages to lives and properties. ► Energy supply: Risk of flooding, lightning strike, landslides, causing damage to power lines and other assets ► Financial services: Direct risk relating to vulnerability of telecommunications and computer systems to storms, power failure and spikes ►Food resources: Extreme weather reducing agricultural outputs at sources of food imported to Hong Kong and pushing up commodity prices. ►Human health: More accidents and emergency situations may result from increased frequency and/or intensity of extreme weather, such as storms, floods, droughts and tropical cyclones, etc. | (22.2880809°, 114.1398015°) | (22.396428°, 114.109497°) |
| 699 | Addis Ababa City Administration | 31146 | Ethiopia | Addis Ababa | C40 | 2015 | Frequent/Intense Rainfall | Serious | Medium-term | waste transport, energy, communications, telecommunications, human health, tourism, and urban agriculture. | (9.0342453°, 38.7636287°) | (9.145°, 40.489673°) |
| 700 | City of Zaragoza | 46473 | Spain | Zaragoza | 2015 | Temperature Increase/Heatwaves | Serious | Current | Como en años anteriores | (41.6488226°, -0.8890853°) | (40.463667°, -3.74922°) |
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Description
Risks from climate change identified and reported by city governments. Includes a list of the anticipated effects of climate change, timescale, and seriousness
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