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2015 - Cities Risks And Timescales
| Row number | City Name | Account No | Country | City Short Name | C40 | Reporting Year | Effects of climate change | Magnitude | Anticipated timescale in years | Impact description | City Location | Country Location |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 701 | Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg | 35868 | Germany | Hamburg | 2015 | Storms/Floods | Serious | Current | A great part of the city is situated around sea level with tidal influence, and thus threatened by storm surge impacts. | (53.5510846°, 9.9936818°) | (51.165691°, 10.451526°) | |
| 702 | Mexico City | 31172 | Mexico | Mexico City | C40 | 2015 | Storms/Floods | Extremely serious | Current | More annual accumulated rain and intense storms provoke landslides in the slopes of the mountains surrounding the city where irregular human settlements are the more vulnerable and at risk population. | (19.4326077°, -99.133208°) | (23.634501°, -102.552784°) |
| 703 | Comune di Oristano | 36252 | Italy | Oristano | 2015 | Frequent/Intense Rainfall | Serious | Medium-term | Flash flood in urban areas | (39.9094132°, 8.588777°) | (41.87194°, 12.56738°) | |
| 704 | Faro | 50673 | Portugal | Faro | 2015 | Temperature Increase/Heatwaves | Serious | Current | Shortage of water during the summer | (57.9441874°, 19.1424789°) | (39.399872°, -8.224454°) | |
| 705 | Prefeitura de Florianópolis | 50384 | Brazil | Florianópolis | 2015 | Sea Level Rise | Extremely serious | Long-term | Financial and material losses. | (-27.5949884°, -48.5481743°) | (-14.235004°, -51.92528°) | |
| 706 | City of Sydney | 31114 | Australia | Sydney | C40 | 2015 | Other | Extremely serious | Current | Risks: Community health impacts, disruption and reduced productivity, regional impacts. Increased heat results in vehicle particulates and eucalyptus gases generating ozone, which already exceeds WHO standards during summer months. This is not currently widely known or reported. With increases in heat levels and frequency of heat events, these levels are projected to increase over time. Hospital admissions due to air pollution are also projected to rise by over 200% by 2051 compared to the 1996 to 2005 baseline. | (-33.8674869°, 151.2069902°) | (-25.274398°, 133.775136°) |
| 707 | City of Sydney | 31114 | Australia | Sydney | C40 | 2015 | Drought | Serious | Medium-term | Risks: displacement, property/infrastructure damage, flash flooding, localised power infrastructure damage, overflow contaminants, reduced amenity, changed biodiversity, food security, communication disruption. A steady decrease in total annual precipitation is expected over the next 100 years. The City's research shows projections of an 11% reduction in precipitation by 2070. This is in addition to significant natural variation. Annual rainfall is expected to decrease from 1,288 mm in 1995 to 1,138 in 2070. Current 1 in 50 year events will likely become 1 in 20 year events. The City of Sydney's Decentralised Water Master Plan is implementing projects to mitigate these risks. | (-33.8674869°, 151.2069902°) | (-25.274398°, 133.775136°) |
| 708 | Comune di Bologna | 36274 | Italy | Bologna | 2015 | Drought | Serious | Current | The region suffers of more and more frequent phenomena of water scarcity and droughts Exposure: MEDIUM/HIGH Sensitivity: HIGH (population, mobility, economy) | (44.4856087°, 11.3547975°) | (41.87194°, 12.56738°) | |
| 709 | City of Benicia | 49787 | USA | Benicia | 2015 | Temperature Increase/Heatwaves | Less serious | Medium-term | The number of high heat days (over 92.4F) is projected to increase by 36-48 days by mid-century and 44-83 by end-of-century. The average summer temperature is projected to increase by 4-5F by mid-century and 5-9F by end-of-century. | (38.049365°, -122.1585777°) | (37.09024°, -95.712891°) | |
| 710 | Tokyo Metropolitan Government | 31111 | Japan | Tokyo | C40 | 2015 | Sea Level Rise | - Increased flooding risk in conjunction with the progress of the sea rise and larger Typhoons | (35.6896342°, 139.6921007°) | (36.204824°, 138.252924°) | ||
| 711 | City of Boston | 35268 | USA | Boston | C40 | 2015 | Storms/Floods | Extremely serious | Medium-term | See Sea level rise, above. | (42.3584308°, -71.0597732°) | (37.09024°, -95.712891°) |
| 712 | Cascais | 50680 | Portugal | Cascais | 2015 | Temperature Increase/Heatwaves | Extremely serious | Medium-term | : It will occur more heatwaves, especially in spring and autumn. | (38.6970565°, -9.4222945°) | (39.399872°, -8.224454°) | |
| 713 | Government of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region | 31169 | Hong Kong | Hong Kong | C40 | 2015 | Frequent/Intense Rainfall | Less serious | Current | ► Water resources: Changing distribution pattern of rainfall may impact on the sustainability of water supply. ► Energy supply: Electricity generation, supply and primary energy supply vulnerable to climatic disruptions ► Business and Industry: Vulnerable to climate change impacts on other areas such as food and water resources, transportation and infrastructure, etc. Heavy reliance on international trade, financial markets, imports of key products and services exposing Hong Kong to climate change impacts beyond its boundaries and increasing its vulnerability. Higher insurance costs, etc. ►Built environment and infrastructure: Potential overloading of some existing drainage systems due to additional runoff, causing flooding at some locations. | (22.2880809°, 114.1398015°) | (22.396428°, 114.109497°) |
| 714 | City of Buenos Aires | 31155 | Argentina | Buenos Aires | C40 | 2015 | Storms/Floods | Less serious | Short-term | Increased wind speeds are expected, together with changes in the wind direction towards the East, increasing the frequency of storms known in Buenos Aires, as "Sudestadas". This phenomenon may accelerate the river level rise in Buenos Aires. | (-34.6037232°, -58.3815931°) | (-38.416097°, -63.616672°) |
| 715 | City of Vancouver | 20113 | Canada | Vancouver | C40 | 2015 | Frequent/Intense Rainfall | Less serious | Current | We already experience some surface flooding and private property sewer back-ups during heavy rainfalls. As intensity and frequency increase, we may see more sewer surcharge, street flooding, etc. The sewer system, especially in combined areas, will be impacted as well as streets and City reputation. Rainfall may also cause water ingress to poor housing stock with the potential for health impacts. | (49.261226°, -123.1139268°) | (56.130366°, -106.346771°) |
| 716 | Wellington City Council | 43937 | New Zealand | Wellington | 2015 | Storms/Floods | Extremely serious | Medium-term | - South Coast of Wellington as well as inner-harbour is exposed to increased risks including coastal communities, road networks, state highway, rail, the airport and utilities - Storm surge is compounded by sea level rise. | (-41.2864603°, 174.776236°) | (-40.900557°, 174.885971°) | |
| 717 | Government of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region | 31169 | Hong Kong | Hong Kong | C40 | 2015 | Sea Level Rise | Extremely serious | Current | ►Built environment and infrastructure: Performance of drainage systems may be affected due to potential rise in mean sea level. Meanwhile, potential damage may be resulted due to increase in sea flooding from storm surges caused by tropical cyclones. ► Water resources: Possible salinization of freshwater aquifers due to sea level rise | (22.2880809°, 114.1398015°) | (22.396428°, 114.109497°) |
| 718 | City of Goiânia | 42123 | Brazil | Goiânia | 2015 | Frequent/Intense Rainfall | Extremely serious | Current | Occurrence of more intense rainfall in the city of Goiânia, events between 75 and 99.99 mm / hour, especially in the months of January and March of recent years may cause flooding, overloading the stormwater drainage system and mudslides in areas of slopes | (-16.6868912°, -49.2647943°) | (-14.235004°, -51.92528°) | |
| 719 | City of Sydney | 31114 | Australia | Sydney | C40 | 2015 | Temperature Increase/Heatwaves | Serious | Short-term | Risks: heat stress, community health, energy system strain, power disruptions, workforce productivity, behaviour change, transport disruption. | (-33.8674869°, 151.2069902°) | (-25.274398°, 133.775136°) |
| 720 | City of San Francisco | 31182 | USA | San Francisco | C40 | 2015 | Storms/Floods | Serious | Current | Impacted Sectors: Water Utility, Wastewater Utility, Buildings, Transport, SF Recreation and Parks. | (37.7749295°, -122.4194155°) | (37.09024°, -95.712891°) |
| 721 | Prefeitura de Florianópolis | 50384 | Brazil | Florianópolis | 2015 | Temperature Increase/Heatwaves | Less serious | Short-term | Greater energy expenditure. More greenhouse gases. | (-27.5949884°, -48.5481743°) | (-14.235004°, -51.92528°) | |
| 722 | City of Buenos Aires | 31155 | Argentina | Buenos Aires | C40 | 2015 | Temperature Increase/Heatwaves | Less serious | Current | Average temperatures, as well as maximum average temperatures, have increased in the last decades and will keep on increasing at different levels depending on the future scenario studied. As a consequence, heat waves and an increase in the number of plagues are expected, having a negative effect on human health, as well as an increase on energy consumption and demand. | (-34.6037232°, -58.3815931°) | (-38.416097°, -63.616672°) |
| 723 | Ayuntamiento de San Luis Potosí | 50369 | Mexico | San Luis Potosí | 2015 | Drought | Serious | Current | Draughts cause relative water scarcity in a long period of time that will have consequences in the reduction of available water to the users. Forest fires, loss of hectares of agricultural cultivation | (22.1564699°, -100.9855409°) | (23.634501°, -102.552784°) | |
| 724 | City of San Francisco | 31182 | USA | San Francisco | C40 | 2015 | Sea Level Rise | Serious | Medium-term | Many portions of the City of San Francisco are built on sediment fill. It is susceptible to liquefaction in an earthquake and flooding from storms and sea level rise. Therefore sea level rise will create serious risks for a range of municipal infrastructures, local businesses, residential property owners and shoreline ecologies. Some of the major municipal facilities and infrastructure that are the most vulnerable include the San Francisco International Airport, the Port of San Francisco, San Francisco Public Utilities Commission- stormwater and wastewater treatment plants, the Municipal Transportation Agency and San Francisco Recreation and Parks assets. Both our financial district and our southeastern communities are particularly vulnerable to sea level rise in the future and currently experience flooding from king tide and storm surge events. | (37.7749295°, -122.4194155°) | (37.09024°, -95.712891°) |
| 725 | City of San Francisco | 31182 | USA | San Francisco | C40 | 2015 | Frequent/Intense Rainfall | Serious | Current | Impacted Sectors: Water Utility, Wastewater Utility, Buildings, Transport, SF Recreation and Parks. | (37.7749295°, -122.4194155°) | (37.09024°, -95.712891°) |
| 726 | Municipality of Curitiba | 31156 | Brazil | Curitiba | C40 | 2015 | Frequent/Intense Rainfall | Serious | Current | The greatest concern is with human lives in buildings near rivers | (8.309021°, -62.7288829°) | (-14.235004°, -51.92528°) |
| 727 | Prefeitura do Rio de Janeiro | 31176 | Brazil | Rio de Janeiro | C40 | 2015 | Temperature Increase/Heatwaves | Extremely serious | Current | Epidemics of dengue were installed in Rio from the 1980s, with huge damages to the population and loss of lives. These epidemics are closely to the hot, humid summers, which facilitate the proliferation of its vector, the mosquito Aedes aegypti. Extended the temperature and humidity of summer to autumn period, the period favorable for dengue should be also streched, worsening the risks to the public health system. | (-22.9054389°, -43.5614471°) | (-14.235004°, -51.92528°) |
| 728 | Wellington City Council | 43937 | New Zealand | Wellington | 2015 | Frequent/Intense Rainfall | Serious | Short-term | - surface flooding impacting low-lying areas and causing disruption to transport networks and damage to the built environment and underground infrastructure - land-slips impacting road networks, rail and residential areas | (-41.2864603°, 174.776236°) | (-40.900557°, 174.885971°) | |
| 729 | Gemeente Rotterdam | 31179 | Netherlands | Rotterdam | C40 | 2015 | Sea Level Rise | Serious | Medium-term | Effect on river zones from 2050 | (51.9163716°, 4.4509382°) | (52.132633°, 5.291266°) |
| 730 | City of Chicago | 3203 | USA | Chicago | C40 | 2015 | Frequent/Intense Rainfall | Serious | Medium-term | More intense rainfall in the winter and spring, and less frequent rainfall in the summer. See response to "changes in seasonality of rainfall" for additional detail. | (41.8781136°, -87.6297982°) | (37.09024°, -95.712891°) |
| 731 | City of Lisbon | 36159 | Portugal | Lisbon | 2015 | Temperature Increase/Heatwaves | Less serious | Current | Related with More Hot Days effect described above | (38.7222524°, -9.1393366°) | (39.399872°, -8.224454°) | |
| 732 | District of Columbia | 31090 | USA | Washington DC | C40 | 2015 | Temperature Increase/Heatwaves | Extremely serious | Current | Compared to 1950, there is now an average of 9 more days per year with maximum temperature greater than 95oF. The number of hot days is projected to increase further in the future according to downscaled climate projections - to 18-20 days by the 2020s, 30-45 days by mid-century, and 40-70 days by the 2080s. | (38.9071923°, -77.0368707°) | (37.09024°, -95.712891°) |
| 733 | Prefeitura de Florianópolis | 50384 | Brazil | Florianópolis | 2015 | Frequent/Intense Rainfall | Serious | Current | Financial and material losses. | (-27.5949884°, -48.5481743°) | (-14.235004°, -51.92528°) | |
| 734 | Singapore Government | 35993 | Singapore | Singapore | C40 | 2015 | Drought | Serious | Long-term | An increase in weather variability may bring more frequent or more severe droughts that threaten the reliability of our water supply. | (51.9055346°, 4.4742753°) | (1.352083°, 103.819836°) |
| 735 | City of Atlanta | 1093 | USA | Atlanta | 2015 | Temperature Increase/Heatwaves | Serious | Short-term | Air quality: The effects of global warming can increase the number of unhealthy air, or "red” smog alerts" days for Atlanta. | (33.7489954°, -84.3879824°) | (37.09024°, -95.712891°) | |
| 736 | City of Cleveland | 35859 | USA | Cleveland | 2015 | Temperature Increase/Heatwaves | Serious | Short-term | Events such as the Chicago heat wave of 1995, which resulted in over 700 deaths, will become more common. Unless actions are taken to reduce pollutants that lead to ozone formation, increased temperatures and more stagnant air would also lead to more ground-level ozone. | (41.49932°, -81.6943605°) | (37.09024°, -95.712891°) | |
| 737 | City of Sydney | 31114 | Australia | Sydney | C40 | 2015 | Temperature Increase/Heatwaves | Serious | Current | Risks: heat stress, community health, energy system strain, power disruptions, workforce productivity, behaviour change, transport disruption. The CSIRO and Bureau of Meteorology's 2014 State of the Climate Report shows that Australia's climate has warmed by 0.9 degrees C since 1910, with most of the warming occurring since 1950. This warming has seen Australia experiencing more warm weather and extreme heat, and fewer cool extremes. There has been an increase in extreme fire weather, and a longer fire season, across large parts of Australia. | (-33.8674869°, 151.2069902°) | (-25.274398°, 133.775136°) |
| 738 | City of Toronto | 31117 | Canada | Toronto | C40 | 2015 | Drought | Less serious | Long-term | Drought has not been a problem for several years, however drought is possible. A possibility is that rainfall will be about the same or perhaps trending upwards, but the storms may be intense causing less water infiltration and more runoff which will not sustain plants and will cause more erosion and reduced runoff quality. | (43.653226°, -79.3831843°) | (56.130366°, -106.346771°) |
| 739 | City of Paris | 31175 | France | Paris | C40 | 2015 | Temperature Increase/Heatwaves | Serious | Current | Possibly a higher use of air conditionning, particularly in office buildings. Impacts on biodiversity; impacts on the use of the public spaces and outdoor activities. Impacts on the drinkable water temperature and thus on its quality | (48.856614°, 2.3522219°) | (46.227638°, 2.213749°) |
| 740 | Comune di Piacenza | 36495 | Italy | Piacenza | 2015 | Frequent/Intense Rainfall | Serious | Current | (45.0519969°, 9.6926451°) | (41.87194°, 12.56738°) | ||
| 741 | City of Columbus | 43910 | USA | Columbus | 2015 | Temperature Increase/Heatwaves | Less serious | Medium-term | The growing season will be longer. Already the freeze free season got longer by 25.5 days from 1951-2012. (GLISA.msu.edu - historical climatology Columbus, Ohio draft) | (39.9611755°, -82.9987942°) | (37.09024°, -95.712891°) | |
| 742 | City of Pittsburgh | 35877 | USA | Pittsburgh | 2015 | Storms/Floods | Extremely serious | Short-term | Hazardous conditions, degradation of infrastructure, flooding, erosion and landslides | (40.4406248°, -79.9958864°) | (37.09024°, -95.712891°) | |
| 743 | Gemeente Rotterdam | 31179 | Netherlands | Rotterdam | C40 | 2015 | Frequent/Intense Rainfall | Serious | Current | In current situation flooding of streets, sometimes houses. In future the risks will grow if nothing is done. | (51.9163716°, 4.4509382°) | (52.132633°, 5.291266°) |
| 744 | Bornova Municipality | 44132 | Turkey | Bornova | 2015 | Frequent/Intense Rainfall | Serious | Short-term | (35.2141598°, 33.2947541°) | (38.963745°, 35.243322°) | ||
| 745 | Singapore Government | 35993 | Singapore | Singapore | C40 | 2015 | Storms/Floods | Serious | Current | Roadside trees could be uprooted in gusty storms, causing inconvenience and potential hazards to commuters. | (51.9055346°, 4.4742753°) | (1.352083°, 103.819836°) |
| 746 | Village of Kadiovacik | 35755 | Turkey | Kadiovacik | 2015 | Temperature Increase/Heatwaves | Less serious | Long-term | (38.3434574°, 26.553613°) | (38.963745°, 35.243322°) | ||
| 747 | Faro | 50673 | Portugal | Faro | 2015 | Other | Less serious | Current | Modification of species caugthat in the sea | (57.9441874°, 19.1424789°) | (39.399872°, -8.224454°) | |
| 748 | District of Columbia | 31090 | USA | Washington DC | C40 | 2015 | Storms/Floods | Extremely serious | Medium-term | Extreme wind-driven flooding (storm surge) from hurricanes and nor’easters can have significant impacts on the Washington, DC region, and will be exacerbated in the future by climate change due to sea level rise and storm intensification. | (38.9071923°, -77.0368707°) | (37.09024°, -95.712891°) |
| 749 | City of Hiroshima | 49386 | Japan | Hiroshima | 2015 | Sea Level Rise | Serious | Long-term | 本市は地盤の低いデルタ地帯に中心市街地が発達しているが、年間平均潮位は上昇傾向にある。 | (34.3852029°, 132.4552927°) | (36.204824°, 138.252924°) | |
| 750 | City of Sydney | 31114 | Australia | Sydney | C40 | 2015 | Storms/Floods | Serious | Short-term | Risks: displacement, property/infrastructure damage, flash flooding, localised power infrastructure damage, overflow contaminants, reduced amenity, changed biodiversity, food security, communication disruption. A major impact would occur where sea level rise is exacerbated by storm surge and tidal influence. Projections for storm surge events in Sydney are largely unknown. On a regional level, there is no detailed information about the frequency and severity of storm surge, rainfall extremes, drought, hail or links to local extremes such as air pollution and flood. | (-33.8674869°, 151.2069902°) | (-25.274398°, 133.775136°) |
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Risks from climate change identified and reported by city governments. Includes a list of the anticipated effects of climate change, timescale, and seriousness
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