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2021 Cities Climate Hazards
| Row number | Questionnaire Name | Account Number | Account Name | Country | CDP Region | ParentSection | Section | Question Number | Question Name | RowNumber | RowName | Climate Hazards | Did this hazard significantly impact your city before 2021? | Current probability of hazard | Current magnitude of hazard | Social impact of hazard overall | Most relevant assets / services affected overall | Please identify which vulnerable populations are affected | Future change in frequency | Future change in intensity | Future expected magnitude of hazard | When do you first expect to experience those changes in frequency and intensity? | Please describe the impacts experienced so far, and how you expect the hazard to impact in the future |
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| 601 | Cities 2021 | 35862 | City of Detroit, MI | United States of America | North America | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.1 | Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact. | 4 | Extreme Precipitation > Heavy snow | Do not know | Do not know | Increasing | Impact to vulnerable populations | ||||||||
| 602 | Cities 2021 | 35862 | City of Detroit, MI | United States of America | North America | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.1 | Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact. | 5 | Flood and sea level rise > Flash / surface flood | No | Medium High | Medium High | Increased incidence and prevalence of disease and illness | Energy | Indigenous population; Low-income households; Marginalized groups; Persons with chronic diseases; Persons with disabilities | Increasing | Increasing | Immediately | Impact to vulnerable populations | ||
| 603 | Cities 2021 | 35863 | eThekwini Municipality | South Africa | Africa | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.1 | Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact. | 1 | Extreme Precipitation > Rain storm | Yes | Medium High | Medium High | Fluctuating socio-economic conditions; Increased conflict and/or crime; Increased demand for healthcare services; Increased demand for public services; Increased resource demand; Increased risk to already vulnerable populations; Migration from rural areas to cities | Emergency services; Transport; Water supply & sanitation | Children & youth; Elderly; Low-income households; Persons living in sub-standard housing; Persons with disabilities; Women & girls | Increasing | Increasing | Medium | Immediately | Durban has had about five high intensity storm events over the past few years, of which the April 2019 was the most widespread and impactful. High costs and lost of lives (just under 70). | |
| 604 | Cities 2021 | 35863 | eThekwini Municipality | South Africa | Africa | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.1 | Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact. | 2 | Storm and wind > Storm surge | Yes | Medium | Medium | Increased demand for public services; Increased resource demand; Loss of tax base to support public services; Other, please specify: Damage to coastal property | Environment, biodiversity, forestry; Residential; Transport; Water supply & sanitation | Elderly | Increasing | None | Medium High | Immediately | During the equinox of 2007 the Durban coastal was severely impacted by a coastal storm with high storm surge causing lots of damage to public infrastructure and sea front housing. | |
| 605 | Cities 2021 | 35863 | eThekwini Municipality | South Africa | Africa | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.1 | Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact. | 3 | Water Scarcity > Drought | Yes | Medium High | Medium High | Fluctuating socio-economic conditions; Increased demand for public services; Increased incidence and prevalence of disease and illness; Increased resource demand; Increased risk to already vulnerable populations; Migration from rural areas to cities | Environment, biodiversity, forestry; Food & agriculture; Water supply & sanitation | Children & youth; Elderly; Low-income households; Marginalized groups; Persons living in sub-standard housing; Women & girls | Increasing | Increasing | Medium High | Immediately | During the El Nino event of 2015, southern Africa experienced a crippling drought and this caused high food prices. Whilst Durban was less impacted than the central parts of South Africa, there were water restrictions in place. | |
| 606 | Cities 2021 | 35864 | Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality | South Africa | Africa | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.1 | Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact. | 1 | Flood and sea level rise > Flash / surface flood | Yes | High | High | Fluctuating socio-economic conditions; Increased risk to already vulnerable populations; Population displacement | Commercial; Emergency services; Public health; Residential; Transport | Children & youth; Elderly; Low-income households; Marginalized groups; Persons living in sub-standard housing; Women & girls | Increasing | Increasing | Medium | Short-term (by 2025) | The impact of floods across the City of Ekurhuleni has been visible through flooding of housing in low-lying areas, road infrastructure which in some parts have been submerged in water. This is expected to increase in future and will affect not only infrastructural assets but also people through possible flooding of settlements. | |
| 607 | Cities 2021 | 35864 | Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality | South Africa | Africa | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.1 | Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact. | 2 | Extreme hot temperature > Heat wave | Yes | Medium Low | Medium Low | Increased demand for healthcare services; Increased incidence and prevalence of disease and illness; Increased risk to already vulnerable populations | Food & agriculture; Public health; Society / community & culture; Waste management | Children & youth; Elderly; Low-income households; Persons living in sub-standard housing; Persons with chronic diseases | Increasing | Increasing | Medium | Medium-term (2026-2050) | Increased temperatures in urban areas will result in over-transpiration and increase the duration of drought as a result of decreased precipitation. Increased temperatures will most likely affect high dense settlement areas resulting in heat related diseases and will also affect agriculture. | |
| 608 | Cities 2021 | 35865 | Municipality of Fortaleza | Brazil | Latin America | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.1 | Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact. | 1 | Extreme hot temperature > Heat wave | No | High | Medium High | Increased demand for public services; Increased incidence and prevalence of disease and illness; Increased risk to already vulnerable populations | Energy; Environment, biodiversity, forestry; Public health; Water supply & sanitation | Elderly; Low-income households; Persons living in sub-standard housing | Increasing | Increasing | High | Short-term (by 2025) | O impacto de temperaturas altas e ondas de calor na cidade de Fortaleza afeta diretamente a qualidade de vida da população assim como a fauna e flora. A maior parte da população com maior vulnerabilidade às mudanças de temperatura está localizada no setor oeste da cidade, onde as condições de precariedade socioeconômica também são marcantes. Principais impactos: Desenvolvimento da cidade: O aumento da temperatura poderá causar o aumento no númerode casos de doenças respiratórias, bem como desidratação e insolação uma vez que a temperatura média já é elevada durante todo o ano. Todos estes impactos à saúde poderão repercutir em gastos no sistema de atendimento público à saúde, assim como também poderá impactar o setor privado por conta do absenteísmo. Também é importante mencionar o risco quanto a elevação do consumo de energia com o uso de condicionadores de ar e de água. Todos estes fatores em conjunto possuem um considerável potencial de impactar o desenvolvimento da cidade de Fortaleza; Infraestrutura: Com o aumento da temperatura, possivelmente ocorrerão impactos principalmente nas infraestruturas de abastecimento de água e energia elétrica, no sentido de ficarem sobrecarregados com a demanda. Saúde: Conforme já mencionado é possível que haja um aumento da demanda por atendimento nas unidades de saúde por conta de doenças respiratórias, mal-estar súbito e quadros de insolação de modo geral. A biodiversidade também sofrerá impactos e desequilíbrios que poderão culminar com a proliferação de determinados vetores (mosquitos e insetos). Recursos hídricos e disponibilidade de água: No que se refere ao aumento da temperatura de forma mais ampla, deve ser mencionado o possível impacto no abastecimento de água, rede que conta com mananciais de uma região interior do Estado do Ceará. Uma vez que as temperaturas aumentem, este abastecimento poderá ser prejudicado, ou mesmo interrompido, tendo como motivo o agravamento dos quadros de secas em todo o Estado do Ceará e maior consumo de água. Unidades de conservação/Áreas preservadas: As áreas verdes da cidade, embora possuam espécies adaptadas ao contexto climático do semiárido, também poderão ser impactadas pelo aumento da temperatura média sendo um dos principais riscos associados aos desequilíbrios ambientais causados pelo desaparecimento (por migração) de espécies mais sensíveis ao calor. | |
| 609 | Cities 2021 | 35865 | Municipality of Fortaleza | Brazil | Latin America | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.1 | Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact. | 2 | Water Scarcity > Drought | Yes | Medium High | Medium High | Increased risk to already vulnerable populations; Loss of traditional jobs; Migration from rural areas to cities | Energy; Environment, biodiversity, forestry; Food & agriculture; Public health; Society / community & culture; Water supply & sanitation | Low-income households; Persons living in sub-standard housing | Increasing | Increasing | High | Short-term (by 2025) | As secas recorrentes no semiárido cearense são risco frequente ao abastecimento de água da cidade, não obstante a reconhecida qualidade do sistema de gerenciamento de recursos hídricos do Ceará. Portanto, é evidenciada uma alta e uma média vulnerabilidade concentrada nos setores com recursos hídricos e áreas verdes que são afetados de maneira forte pelas secas. Também os setores com uma alta densidade demográfica representam um risco climático. Desenvolvimento da cidade: Ainda que haja um certo nível de garantia quanto ao abastecimento de água para Fortaleza, toda a cidade depende da produção de alguns alimentos realizada em outros municípios do Ceará. Além disso, não se pode afirmar que exista segurança hídrica em Fortaleza, sobretudo nos casos de secas prolongadas e isso tem potencial para afetar todo o setor produtivo da cidade, bem como a qualidade de vida da população.Infraestrutura: O principal risco verificado quanto às infraestruturas diz respeito ao setor de abastecimento de água e energia, os quais poderão sofrer sobrecarga, bem como o setor de transportes e moradia caso haja migração de outros municípios para Fortaleza.Saúde: Semelhante aos impactos estimados para o risco de aumento da temperatura, porém com o agravo da desidratação e desnutrição da população de maior vulnerabilidade. Adicionalmente a seca aumenta o risco de enfermidades, especialmente em setores de alta vulnerabilidade da população. Recursos hídricos e disponibilidade de água: No caso de secas prolongadas, corre-se o risco de colapso no abastecimento de água. Unidades de conservação/Áreas preservadas: Embora possuam espécies adaptadas ao contexto climático do semiárido, as áreas verdes também sofrerão impactos das secas prolongadas. Neste caso não apenas pela migração de espécies mais sensíveis à estiagem, mas também pela possibilidade de substituição destas áreas por agricultura urbana diante de um quadro de desabastecimento alimentar. Vale ressaltar também que rios e lagoas urbanos estariam ameaçados pela retirada de água para consumo humano, caso o abastecimento via rede regular chegue a um colapso. | |
| 610 | Cities 2021 | 35865 | Municipality of Fortaleza | Brazil | Latin America | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.1 | Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact. | 3 | Extreme Precipitation > Rain storm | Yes | Medium High | Medium High | Increased demand for public services; Increased incidence and prevalence of disease and illness; Increased risk to already vulnerable populations | Emergency services; Environment, biodiversity, forestry; Public health; Society / community & culture; Transport | Elderly; Low-income households; Marginalized groups; Persons living in sub-standard housing | Increasing | Increasing | Medium | Short-term (by 2025) | Desenvolvimento da cidade: Na atualidade, Fortaleza fica com seu fluxo de veículos e de pessoas prejudicado em dias de chuvas, tanto por um fator cultural, onde a população não é acostumada a conviver com chuvas com frequência, quanto pelas próprias infraestruturas urbanas as quais não se mostram eficientes em período chuvosos, o que pode ser constatado pela quantidade de eventos de alagamento em todo o território. Com a ampliação do risco de chuvas intensas e extremas, haverá impactos diretos para o desenvolvimento da cidade, tanto no aspecto da fluidez de pessoas , quanto pelo aporte de recursos financeiros necessários para obras e reparos necessários para adaptar a cidade a um novo contexto climático;Infraestrutura: O principal risco verificado quanto às infraestruturas diz respeito às galerias de drenagem de águas pluviais e também as de esgotamento sanitário. Assim como as pavimentações e recapeamentos necessários para adaptação ao um novo cenário chuvoso.Saúde: Dentre os principais impactos à saúde, destaca-se as doenças hidricamente veiculadas cujos vetores se proliferam por meio das águas não drenadas em determinadas áreas urbanas. Sobre isso merece destaque o fato de que Fortaleza não possui totalidade de seu território com cobertura de esgotamento sanitário, o que permite inferir que em períodos muito chuvosos;Recursos hídricos e disponibilidade de água: Caso houvesse em Fortaleza a obrigatoriedade de captação de água das chuvas e reuso nas empresas e condomínios, o aumento das chuvas poderia ter um impacto positivo quanto ao abastecimento. Contudo, no contexto atual o que se verifica é um risco de contaminação das fontes de abastecimento devido ao contexto mencionado referente à deficiente drenagem de águas pluviais e a baixa cobertura de esgotamento sanitário.Unidades de conservação/Áreas preservadas: Pode-se inferir possíveis impactos às áreas verdes e unidades de conservação em Fortaleza no caso de ampliação dos períodos chuvosos e intensidade das chuvas uma vez que os ambientes são adaptados às condições atuais com poucas chuvas durante o ano. Além da morte de algumas espécies vegetais por saturação hídrica, ainda existe o risco de que espécies invasoras e mais adaptadas a ambientes brejosos ou alagados passem a ocupar estes espaços, exigindo uma adaptação em todo o ecossistema diretamente associado. | |
| 611 | Cities 2021 | 35865 | Municipality of Fortaleza | Brazil | Latin America | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.1 | Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact. | 4 | Flood and sea level rise > Coastal flood | No | Medium High | Medium | Fluctuating socio-economic conditions; Loss of traditional jobs; Population displacement | Commercial; Emergency services; Environment, biodiversity, forestry; Land use planning; Residential; Tourism; Water supply & sanitation | Persons living in sub-standard housing | Increasing | Increasing | Medium | Medium-term (2026-2050) | A faixa costeira de Fortaleza é composta por trechos altamente antropizados, por meio de ocupações urbanas irregulares, ocasionando fortes impactos ambientais e, ao mesmo tempo, considerável vulnerabilidade aos eventos extremos ocasionados pelas massas oceânicas. Na zona costeira de Fortaleza, foram identificados 162 eventos denominados “ressacas do mar”, sendo que 95% destes eventos foram registrados a partir da década de 1980, momento em que há uma maior urbanização do litoral Fortalezense. Dentre os impactos das inundações costeiras pode-se citar: erosão de dunas e praias; danos a estrutura urbana; e potencial de alagamento. Além de:— Desenvolvimento da cidade: considerando que são nos bairros com interface para o mar (Aldeota, Meireles, Centro, dentre outros) onde estão atualmente situadas as maiores ofertas de empregos e também onde estão localizados os bancos e demais instituições ligadas ao mercado financeiro, pode-se inferir um impacto direto para o desenvolvimento da cidade. Além disso, boa parte da economia da cidade depende dos serviços relacionados ao turismo (hotelaria, entretenimento e gastronomia) cuja localização também está à beira mar. — Infraestrutura: o principal risco verificado quanto às infraestruturas diz respeito à destruição das infraestruturas urbanas localizadas à beira mar, bem como à emersão dos esgotos também nos bairros situados na faixa litorânea por conta da intrusão marinha, que é a invasão da água do mar por vias subterrâneas.— Saúde: os impactos relacionados à saúde humana estão diretamente relacionais à emersão dos efluentes para a superfície, o carreamento de resíduos sólidos para o interior da cidade e à salinização das fontes de abastecimento, tanto dos poços, quanto da rede regular de abastecimento.— Recursos hídricos e disponibilidade de água: o principal impacto da elevação do nível do mar ao sistema de abastecimento se dá pela salinização generalizada por conta do avanço da cunha salina.— Unidades de conservação/Áreas preservadas: com a elevação do nível do mar, boa parte das áreas protegidas hoje em Fortaleza, representadas por vegetação de mangue e localizadas próximas à foz dos rios seriam completamente dizimadas. Além disso, haveria uma tendência ao estabelecimento de espécies invasoras, tanto da flora quanto da fauna. | |
| 612 | Cities 2021 | 35867 | Region Metropolitana de Guadalajara | Mexico | Latin America | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.1 | Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact. | 1 | Extreme hot temperature > Heat wave | Yes | Medium High | Medium | Increased demand for healthcare services; Increased demand for public services; Increased incidence and prevalence of disease and illness; Increased risk to already vulnerable populations | Education; Society / community & culture; Tourism | Children & youth; Elderly; Low-income households; Marginalized groups; Persons living in sub-standard housing; Persons with chronic diseases; Women & girls | Increasing | Increasing | Medium High | Short-term (by 2025) | -Aumento en la morbilidad y mortalidad de la población como golpes de calor.-Incremento de vectores y pérdida de alimentos o daños a la agricultura.-Afectaciones al sector turismo.-Aumento en la demanda energética por uso de enfriamiento en hogares, edificios públicos y de gobierno.-Se han presentado incremento en la presencia de incendios dentro de áreas forestales, debido a la sequía y aumento de las temperaturas máximas, lo que ha impactado a la biodiversidad que habita en sitios como Áreas Naturales Protegidas, así como en la exposición de la ciudadanía a partículas contaminantes que incrementan riesgos de morbilidad y mortalidad como el carbono negro.Se espera que a futuro el impacto de los peligros se pueda disminuir con base en una buena prevención del riesgo a partir de la implementación de acciones que ayuden al aumento de la adaptación y resiliencia. | |
| 613 | Cities 2021 | 35867 | Region Metropolitana de Guadalajara | Mexico | Latin America | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.1 | Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact. | 2 | Extreme Precipitation > Rain storm | Yes | Medium High | Medium | Increased incidence and prevalence of disease and illness; Increased risk to already vulnerable populations; Other, please specify: Perdida de infraestructura Inundaciones en áreas urbanas, Alteración a servicios por inundaciones en áreas urbanas; Population displacement | Residential; Society / community & culture; Transport | Marginalized groups; Persons living in sub-standard housing | Increasing | Increasing | Medium High | Short-term (by 2025) | Los impactos ocasionados por el aumento de las precipitaciones van desde desbordamientos de canales, interrupción de vías de transporte, caída de arbolado urbano, pérdidas humanas, pérdida de infraestructura estratégica, afectaciones económicas y daños a la salud debido a que la acumulación de las aguas estancadas sirve de medio para la reproducción de mosquitos del género (aedes aegypti) y otros vectores que se ven favorecidos por las condiciones. La metrópoli espera que estos impactos se agudicen de manera exponencial. | |
| 614 | Cities 2021 | 35867 | Region Metropolitana de Guadalajara | Mexico | Latin America | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.1 | Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact. | 3 | Wild fire > Forest fire | Yes | Medium High | Medium High | Increased demand for healthcare services; Increased incidence and prevalence of disease and illness; Increased risk to already vulnerable populations; Other, please specify: Pérdida de suelo, pérdida y desplazamiento de la biodiversidad, aumento de los días con mala calidad del aire, cambios de uso de suelo, afectaciones al ciclo hidrológico | Environment, biodiversity, forestry; Land use planning; Public health | Children & youth; Elderly; Persons with chronic diseases; Women & girls | Increasing | Increasing | Medium | Short-term (by 2025) | Pérdida de la biodiversidad y cambios de uso de suelo.Se presenta mala calidad de aire y aumento en partículas suspendidas en el AMG.Aumento de afecciones respiratorias .Se espera que los impactos permanezcan y se puedan controlar. | |
| 615 | Cities 2021 | 35867 | Region Metropolitana de Guadalajara | Mexico | Latin America | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.1 | Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact. | 4 | Extreme Precipitation > Hail | No | Medium Low | Medium | Increased risk to already vulnerable populations; Loss of traditional jobs; Migration from rural areas to cities | Commercial; Emergency services; Environment, biodiversity, forestry; Food & agriculture; Industrial; Residential; Transport | Low-income households; Marginalized groups | Increasing | Increasing | Medium Low | Medium-term (2026-2050) | Daños materiales, inundaciones, colapso de vialidades, pérdida de cosechas.La metrópoli espera que estos fenómenos se sigan presentando en un futuro con una mayor intensidad. | |
| 616 | Cities 2021 | 35867 | Region Metropolitana de Guadalajara | Mexico | Latin America | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.1 | Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact. | 5 | Biological hazards > Vector-borne disease | Yes | Medium High | Medium High | Increased demand for healthcare services; Increased incidence and prevalence of disease and illness; Increased risk to already vulnerable populations | Emergency services; Public health; Tourism | Children & youth; Elderly; Marginalized groups; Persons living in sub-standard housing; Women & girls | Increasing | Increasing | High | Short-term (by 2025) | En el Área Metropolitana de Guadalajara, se presenta año con año un aumento en la incidencia de enfermedades transmitidas por vectores como el mosquito, que se han visto reflejados como un problema de salud pública y un foco rojo en cuestión epidemiológica, que ha traído como consecuencia ausencias laborales y pérdidas económicas por ausencia laboral. Se tiene la meta de que este fenómeno no se incremente, para la cual se ha determinado una estrategia de actuación para la disminución de la presencia del mosquito, con acciones como la deschatarrización, fumigaciones reactivas y evitando encharcamientos de agua. | |
| 617 | Cities 2021 | 35867 | Region Metropolitana de Guadalajara | Mexico | Latin America | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.1 | Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact. | 6 | Mass movement > Landslide | No | Medium Low | Medium Low | Increased risk to already vulnerable populations; Population displacement | Environment, biodiversity, forestry | Low-income households; Marginalized groups; Persons living in sub-standard housing | Increasing | None | Low | Medium-term (2026-2050) | Los procesos de movimientos en masa favorecen la pérdida de la capacidad del terreno natural y han ejercido un impacto en el AMG, los cuales han producido daños que van desde el bloqueo de carreteras por el desprendimiento de rocas hasta la evacuación de la población en zonas con riesgo de deslizamiento.Para el futuro se espera que los impactos sean menores y se puedan prevenir a través de una gestión integral de riesgo, aunque los impactos sinérgicos ocasionados por incendios y la pérdida de cobertura vegetal podrán aumentar enormemente la ocurrencia de movimientos en masa. | |
| 618 | Cities 2021 | 35867 | Region Metropolitana de Guadalajara | Mexico | Latin America | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.1 | Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact. | 7 | Flood and sea level rise > Flash / surface flood | Yes | High | Medium High | Increased risk to already vulnerable populations; Other, please specify: 1) Incremento de la accidentalidad y probabilidad de siniestros con daño personal 2) Enfermedades por vectores 3)Daños estructurales a elementos constructivos, con grado hasta destrucción completa. | Commercial; Industrial; Society / community & culture; Transport | Children & youth; Elderly; Low-income households; Marginalized groups; Persons living in sub-standard housing; Persons with chronic diseases; Persons with disabilities; Women & girls | Increasing | Increasing | Medium High | Immediately | Los impactos experimentados hasta el momento ocasionados por las inundaciones son:-Perdida de energía eléctrica-Daños en infraestructura como semáforos, arbolado, hogares etc.-Suspensión de líneas del tren eléctrico A través del mapa único de inundaciones (una estrategia coordinada para el registro de inundaciones y la definición de acciones integrales de prevención y mitigación de riesgos hidrometeorológicos en el AMG) se identifican más de 350 áreas o puntos de inundaciones detectados .Cerca de 37 zonas del Área Metropolitana de Guadalajara, (AMG) están en alto riesgo de sufrir inundaciones durante el temporal de lluvias, algunas de las colonias como La Martinica, Indígena, Las Pintas, El Quince y Ferrocarril, además de vialidades con alto flujo vehicular como Federalismo, Revolución, López Mateos, Américas, Mariano Otero y la Calzada Independencia, serían los puntos que representan mayor peligro a la población por la rapidez del cauce que se genera.A pesar de las acciones implementadas para la prevención y mitigación de las inundaciones, se espera que para el futuro, se incrementen los riesgos. | |
| 619 | Cities 2021 | 35870 | City of Miami, FL | United States of America | North America | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.1 | Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact. | 1 | Extreme Precipitation > Rain storm | Yes | High | Medium | Fluctuating socio-economic conditions; Increased risk to already vulnerable populations | Other, please specify: Public safety; Public health; Transport | Low-income households; Persons living in sub-standard housing | Do not know | Increasing | Low | Immediately | The increase in rain storms creates unsafe driving conditions and greatly affects traffic. We are experiencing a growing number of "rain bombs" (short but intense in volume rain events) which coupled with rising groundwater levels leads to flooding in both urban and suburban areas of the city. The city’s stormwater system is designed for a 5 year LOS, however the city experiences multiple storm events each year exceeding this capacity. This results in flooding of residential and commercial properties, impacts our tourism industry, and further development of Miami. If the frequency of rain storms continues to climb this hazard can intensify the mentioned consequences, impacting future residents, tourists, and developers. | |
| 620 | Cities 2021 | 35870 | City of Miami, FL | United States of America | North America | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.1 | Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact. | 2 | Chemical change > Salt water intrusion | Yes | Medium High | Does not currently impact the city | Fluctuating socio-economic conditions; Increased demand for public services; Increased resource demand; Increased risk to already vulnerable populations; Population displacement | Environment, biodiversity, forestry; Food & agriculture; Land use planning; Public health; Residential; Society / community & culture; Water supply & sanitation | Low-income households; Persons living in sub-standard housing; Unemployed persons | Increasing | Increasing | High | Medium-term (2026-2050) | Considering that Miami's freshwater source is our aquifers, freshwater supply will become one of the main concerns as sea levels continue to rise. This will in turn affect residential areas and communities that rely on the available tap water. The entire Miami society may not only face potable water issues, but also public health issues and impacts on local agriculture/food production. Current development standards that do not prioritize permeability as well as Everglades drainage canals (built in the 1950s) limit aquifer recharge.Miami-Dade County’s primary source of potable water is the Biscayne Aquifer which is vulnerable to salt water intrusion. With increasing water demands, a growing population and the effects of sea level rise, water conservation is crucial to preserve the aquifer and make it more resilient to these pressures. Given that water and sewer are managed at the County and Regional level by the Miami Dade County Water and Sewer District and South Florida Water Management District, the City’s role is to serve as a strong partner in their initiatives to maintain the quality and quantity of our surface water, groundwater and drinking water. This includes, for example, enforcement of regulation of land uses and activities that may contribute to pollution, monitoring, soil and water remediation, stormwater management, and natural resource restoration and co-hosting education workshops for homeowners and businesses on energy and water efficiency and conservation. Miami-Dade County’s report on its efforts to monitor and control saltwater intrusion is here. https://www.miamidade.gov/green/library/sea-level-rise-flooding-saltwater-intrusion.pdf | |
| 621 | Cities 2021 | 35870 | City of Miami, FL | United States of America | North America | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.1 | Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact. | 3 | Storm and wind > Storm surge | Yes | High | High | Fluctuating socio-economic conditions; Increased demand for public services; Increased risk to already vulnerable populations | Land use planning; Residential; Society / community & culture; Tourism; Transport | Other, please specify: Those living on the waterfront (coastal or river) | Increasing | Increasing | High | Immediately | Storm surge during hurricanes will directly impacting coastal residents and businesses, endanger residents, and limit street access/transportation. As a waterfront city, Miami has an average elevation of just 6 FT above sea level, however recent studies predict a storm surge as high as 13.4 FT above sea level during a 1% storm event coupled with sea level rise predictions. With Miami's low elevation, Storm surge will have an extensive reach throughout much of the city. 60% of the City's seawall is owned by residents (private property) so the City cannot perform uniform upgrades. Waterfront property owners range in socioeconomic status, those along the Miami River are most vulnerable. Storm surge was between 3-6 feet during Hurricane Irma in 2017. The US Army Corps of Engineers in completing a Coastal Storm Risk Management Study which will recommend measures to reduce the probability and storm surge damages from occurring and mitigate the consequences when storm surge events occur. | |
| 622 | Cities 2021 | 35870 | City of Miami, FL | United States of America | North America | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.1 | Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact. | 4 | Flood and sea level rise > Permanent inundation | No | Medium | Medium | Fluctuating socio-economic conditions; Increased risk to already vulnerable populations; Loss of tax base to support public services; Population displacement | Land use planning; Residential; Society / community & culture; Transport | Low-income households; Persons living in sub-standard housing | Increasing | Do not know | High | Long-term (after 2050) | The sea level around Miami, Florida, has risen by 8 inches since 1950. The speed of rise has accelerated over the last ten years and it’s now rising by 0.22 inch each year. According to Unified Sea Level Rise Projections, sea level is projected to rise 10 to 17 inches above 1992 mean sea level by 2040 and by 2070, it is projected to rise 21 to 40 inches (above 1992 mean sea level). Miami is seen as the tip of the spear when it comes to sea level rise impacts and is an existential threat for many. Miami's struggles with SLR are unique due to porous limestone bedrock, making holistic and integrated solutions a necessity. Major stormwater management and drainage infrastructure improvements are needed to address this challenge, which has a high price tag. It is important for Miami's economy to remain strong so municipalities have access to financial resources and expertise. Sea Level Rise impacts the future of development and land use in South Florida. As time goes on and SLR impacts become more pronounced, some areas of the City may need to retreat if infrastructure solutions are not sufficient. | |
| 623 | Cities 2021 | 35870 | City of Miami, FL | United States of America | North America | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.1 | Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact. | 5 | Biological hazards > Vector-borne disease | Yes | Medium | High | Increased demand for healthcare services; Increased incidence and prevalence of disease and illness; Increased resource demand; Increased risk to already vulnerable populations | Commercial; Emergency services; Public health; Society / community & culture; Tourism; Water supply & sanitation | Children & youth; Elderly; Low-income households; Persons with chronic diseases; Women & girls | Do not know | Do not know | Do not know | Short-term (by 2025) | The ability to handle and control vector-borne diseases would be a main concern for the public health of city residents, especially those who do not have health insurance and cannot afford medical attention. With increased heat, humidity, and rainfall, Miami will remain a hospitable environment for vectors, like mosquitoes, and therefore the diseases they carry.Most recently, Miami dealt with the Zika virus outbreak in 2016. One of Miami's most popular commercial and tourist destinations, Wynwood, was deemed a Zika transmission area and economic activity came to an abrupt halt. Miami had to deploy workers to canvas neighborhoods to eliminate standing water threats. Miami worked together with surrounding municipalities to tackle the threat and this inter-jurisdictional response will be necessary to combat future disease pandemics. | |
| 624 | Cities 2021 | 35870 | City of Miami, FL | United States of America | North America | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.1 | Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact. | 6 | Storm and wind > Cyclone (Hurricane / Typhoon) | Yes | High | High | Fluctuating socio-economic conditions; Increased demand for public services; Increased resource demand; Increased risk to already vulnerable populations; Population displacement | Emergency services; Environment, biodiversity, forestry; Public health; Residential; Society / community & culture; Tourism; Transport | Elderly; Low-income households; Persons living in sub-standard housing; Unemployed persons | Not expected to happen in the future | Increasing | High | Immediately | Miami has always been the one of the most vulnerable cities in the U.S. to hurricanes due to its subtropical climate and coastal location in the Atlantic basin. As global average temperature continues to rise due to climate change, hurricane intensity and rainfall are projected to increase. Over time, Miamians may see increased frequency/instances of Category 4 and 5 storms. Rising sea levels will lead to more storm surge, warmer air will lead to more rainfall, and a warmer ocean will lead to faster wind speed – all of which can make hurricanes more powerful. Due to storms, many will be forced to evacuate/relocate and there will be an increase in demand of public services and resources - especially from LMI populations. These severe storms can cause major property damage to individual residents and the city. Hurricane Irma (2017) was the 5th costliest hurricane in U.S. history costing $50 billion to recover from. Hurricane Irma’s storm surge was between 3 and 6 feet in Miami. | |
| 625 | Cities 2021 | 35870 | City of Miami, FL | United States of America | North America | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.1 | Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact. | 7 | Extreme hot temperature > Extreme hot days | Yes | High | Medium High | Increased incidence and prevalence of disease and illness; Increased risk to already vulnerable populations | Food & agriculture; Public health; Residential; Society / community & culture; Tourism | Children & youth; Elderly; Low-income households; Persons living in sub-standard housing; Persons with chronic diseases; Unemployed persons | Increasing | Increasing | High | Immediately | Miami currently has about 25 dangerous heat days per year, days that feel 104 degrees or hotter. By 2050 that could increase to over 100 days per year. Extreme heat and humidity is particularly dangerous for youth, elder adults, low-income individuals, and outdoor workers. A hotter, wetter climate will continue to increase the length of mosquito season which can make residents more susceptible to vector-borne diseases like Zika virus.Many low income residents do not have or have limited access to air conditioning which is a public health threat. In the case of a blackout, lack of AC especially in assisted living facilities could be deadly which is why ALFs are required to have generators (compliance rate is currently not 100%). | |
| 626 | Cities 2021 | 35870 | City of Miami, FL | United States of America | North America | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.1 | Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact. | 8 | Storm and wind > Tropical storm | Yes | Medium High | Medium High | Increased demand for public services; Increased resource demand; Increased risk to already vulnerable populations | Emergency services; Public health; Society / community & culture; Tourism; Transport | Elderly; Low-income households; Persons living in sub-standard housing; Unemployed persons | Not expected to happen in the future | Increasing | Medium | Immediately | Climate change will cause all storms to increase intensity. More wind and rain can damage property and increase likelihood of floods. See Hurricanes and Rainstorms. | |
| 627 | Cities 2021 | 35870 | City of Miami, FL | United States of America | North America | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.1 | Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact. | 9 | Flood and sea level rise > Groundwater flood | Yes | Medium High | Medium High | Fluctuating socio-economic conditions; Increased risk to already vulnerable populations; Loss of tax base to support public services; Population displacement | Environment, biodiversity, forestry; Land use planning; Residential; Society / community & culture; Tourism; Transport; Water supply & sanitation | Low-income households; Persons living in sub-standard housing | Increasing | Do not know | High | Medium-term (2026-2050) | Residents may experience flooding in their daily lives due to heavy rainfall, sometimes referred to as rain bombs, and seasonal high tides, called King Tides. King Tides are higher-than-normal tidal floods which occur annually and predictably in September through November in Miami. Heavy rainfall coupled with high tides can overwhelm current storm water infrastructure and prevent proper drainage. Miami currently sees flooding from King Tides but at a very low level - King Tide flooding has only impacted daily life when coupled with a rain event (like in 2017). Groundwater flooding is a major problem for those with septic systems as it can cause them to overflow.Septic systems treat wastewater from individual properties. The wastewater from kitchens, bathrooms, and other sources is partially treated as the wastewater flows through a septic tank and subsequently a drainfield, where the clarified liquid is further treated by the unsaturated soil. Thus, by design, the drainfield must be above the groundwater table and remain unsaturated to function effectively. Consequently, septic systems are highly vulnerable to rising groundwater levels. In fact, rising sea levels are already affecting septic systems in certain areas and these impacts are expected to increase over time.Observed King Tide flooding in October 2017: https://www.google.com/maps/d/u/0/edit?mid=1KWSSg7rOkqaSr0ealyCsr_uQ68I&ll=25.50121948053221%2C-80.93102899999997&z=9 | |
| 628 | Cities 2021 | 35871 | City of Monterrey | Mexico | Latin America | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.1 | Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact. | 1 | Extreme hot temperature > Extreme hot days | Yes | Medium | Medium | Increased conflict and/or crime; Increased demand for public services; Increased risk to already vulnerable populations | Energy; Society / community & culture; Water supply & sanitation | Other, please specify: En el pasado reciente nos dimos cuenta que afecta en general a la población, debido al uso indiscriminado de energía para los sistemas particulares de enfriamiento, causando fallas en el suministro de energía eléctrica en general. | Increasing | Increasing | Medium | Short-term (by 2025) | Exceso de temperaturas altas, golpes de calor en población vulnerable. En una combinación con la escasez de agua se pronostican enfermedades gastrointestinales y deshidratación. | |
| 629 | Cities 2021 | 35871 | City of Monterrey | Mexico | Latin America | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.1 | Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact. | 2 | Water Scarcity > Drought | Yes | Medium High | Medium High | Increased conflict and/or crime; Increased demand for public services; Increased resource demand; Increased risk to already vulnerable populations | Food & agriculture; Water supply & sanitation | Other, please specify: En general, a todos los ciudadanos no solo de Monterrey, si no del estado, debido la falta de lluvias, nuestra reserva para el abasto de agua ha estado disminuida y en breve se a anunciado la programación de cortes de agua. | Increasing | Increasing | Medium High | Immediately | Debido la falta de lluvias, nuestra reserva para el abasto de agua ha estado disminuida y en breve se a anunciado la programación de cortes de agua. Esto puede afectar a todos los habitantes de la ciudad, ya que ante esta escasez podría haber problemas de abasto del liquido para consumo particular, laboral y clínico. | |
| 630 | Cities 2021 | 35871 | City of Monterrey | Mexico | Latin America | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.1 | Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact. | 3 | Storm and wind > Tropical storm | No | Medium High | Medium High | Increased demand for healthcare services; Increased demand for public services; Increased risk to already vulnerable populations | Emergency services; Energy; Information & communications technology; Water supply & sanitation | Other, please specify: En general este tipo de fenómenos, en Nuevo León, impactan a toda la población. | Increasing | Increasing | Medium High | Short-term (by 2025) | Estos eventos normalmente suceden cada 10 años aproximadamente, trayendo al municipio cantidades de precipitaciones excesivas que provocan desbordamientos en ríos y/o arroyos, ocasionando deslaves, inundaciones en la ciudad, daños en las vías de comunicación terrestres, paros en los centros de trabajo y en ocasiones pérdidas humanas. | |
| 631 | Cities 2021 | 35872 | Municipality of Recife | Brazil | Latin America | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.1 | Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact. | 1 | Biological hazards > Vector-borne disease | Yes | High | High | Fluctuating socio-economic conditions; Increased demand for healthcare services; Increased demand for public services; Increased incidence and prevalence of disease and illness; Increased resource demand; Increased risk to already vulnerable populations | Environment, biodiversity, forestry; Public health | Children & youth; Elderly; Low-income households; Marginalized groups; Persons living in sub-standard housing; Persons with chronic diseases; Persons with disabilities; Women & girls | Decreasing | None | Medium | Immediately | Dada a capacidade de dispersão dos vetores de transmissão de doenças (considerando o mosquito Aedes aegypti), toda a população do Recife está sujeita emalgum grau à ameaça de contração das doenças como Dengue, Zica e Chikungunya, compondo um grave problema de saúde pública.Na Análise de Riscos e Vulnerabilidades Climáticas, o clima foi tratado como um fator condicionante para ocorrência do vetor, considerando que a melhor forma de evitar a proliferação das doenças é o combate dos focos de acúmulo de água, que são locais propícios para a procriação do mosquito transmissor da doença.A incapacidade de adaptação, como baixa renda, acesso precário aos meios de saúde e outras medidas preventivas capazes de reduzir as oportunidades de contato com o vetor também estão refletidas nas regiões de alta vulnerabilidade. No período de referência para o cenário projetado de 2011-2040, há uma pequena diminuição na ameaça que não se reflete em redução da intensidade do risco, uma vez que não existem barreiras à dispersão do vetor Aedes aegypti.Avalia-se, inicialmente, que pela grande quantidade de córregos e trechos úmidos, campanhas de educação devam focar no correto descarte de lixo, para que,córregos e escoadouros não tenham sua capacidade reduzida que resulta em água estacionária. O combate a focos residenciais de reprodução do vetor tempouco resultado sem o combate nas áreas públicas e limpeza dos canais e escoadouros. | |
| 632 | Cities 2021 | 35872 | Municipality of Recife | Brazil | Latin America | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.1 | Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact. | 2 | Extreme hot temperature > Heat wave | Yes | High | High | Increased demand for healthcare services; Increased demand for public services; Increased incidence and prevalence of disease and illness; Increased resource demand; Increased risk to already vulnerable populations; Population displacement | Environment, biodiversity, forestry; Public health | Children & youth; Elderly; Low-income households; Marginalized groups; Persons living in sub-standard housing; Persons with chronic diseases; Persons with disabilities; Unemployed persons; Women & girls | Increasing | Increasing | High | Immediately | As ondas de calor derivam de fenômenos meteorológicos de grande escala, contudo, efeitos locais consistem na elevação da temperatura em função dos padrões de urbanização (edificação, impermeabilização/asfaltamento, quantidade reduzida de áreas verdes, entre outros), de forma que áreas densamente povoadas funcionam como um potencializador dos impactos relativos aos extremos de temperatura. De modo geral, toda cidade está sujeita à ameaça de ondas de calor, porém, essa ameaça diminui conforme se distancia do litoral no sentido do interior e noroeste do município, onde se encontram as áreas com maior concentração de vegetação. Para definir as zonas com riscos mais elevados, consideram-se fatores que intensificam o risco, como a população sensível (crianças e idosos), especialmente nas áreas com menor arborização. Já sobre a capacidade de adaptação, a renda é um fator especialmente importante, pois possibilita a adoção de tecnologias que permitam adaptar-se à ameaça.Há um aumento da intensidade da ameaça entre a base histórica e o cenário projetado, o que reflete o aumento progressivo das temperaturas projetadas. A ameaça passa a ser ainda mais intensa na região próxima ao litoral e permeando nas regiões mais centrais e no norte do município, resultando no agravamento na concentração de calor e influenciando no bem-estar e na saúde da população. Ao fazer o recorte das regiões com maior risco, observamos o aumento de 51.16% em relação ao 90º percentil do período de referência.O aumento progressivo da temperatura poderá impactar a saúde da população em virtude do desconforto térmico e piora na qualidade do ar. Campanhas educativas sobre a importância de não se expor ao sol, manter a hidratação e atenção redobrada com crianças e idosos e, sobretudo, arborizar a região, podem ser medidas de adaptação importantes em relação a essa ameaça. | |
| 633 | Cities 2021 | 35872 | Municipality of Recife | Brazil | Latin America | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.1 | Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact. | 3 | Flood and sea level rise > Coastal flood | Yes | High | High | Fluctuating socio-economic conditions; Increased demand for healthcare services; Increased demand for public services; Increased incidence and prevalence of disease and illness; Increased resource demand; Increased risk to already vulnerable populations; Loss of traditional jobs; Population displacement | Commercial; Environment, biodiversity, forestry; Public health; Residential; Transport | Children & youth; Elderly; Low-income households; Marginalized groups; Persons living in sub-standard housing; Persons with chronic diseases; Persons with disabilities; Unemployed persons; Women & girls | Increasing | Increasing | High | Immediately | Cerca de 11% da população de Recife reside na zona costeira, com destaque para os bairros de Boa Viagem, Pina e Brasília Teimosa.Causas antrópicas são adicionadas às características geomorfológicas e contribuem para a intensificação do problema do aumento do nível médio do mar (NMM), como a ocupação ilegítima de florestas de pântanos de água doce, aterros em manguezais, eliminação incorreta de resíduos sólidos e rede de drenagem insuficiente contribuem para a vulnerabilidade à ameaça.Em Boa Viagem, é possível observar a supressão da vegetação de restinga e a alteração do desenho natural da praia em virtude do processo de urbanização. Os resultados apresentados pelo Atlas de Vulnerabilidade à Erosão Costeira indicam que a situação em Boa Viagem pode se tornar ainda mais crítica, com o aumento a partir de 1m do nível médio do mar. Em relação a Brasília Teimosa, toda a extensão da faixa litorânea apresenta alta vulnerabilidade à erosão costeira com um aumento médio a partir de 0,5 metros.Os resultados da modelagem feita por Costa et al. (2010) indicam que diante de um aumento do nível do mar na ordem de 0,5m (cenário otimista), é esperadoque, pelo menos 25,38 km² da área de Recife constituam zonas potencialmente inundadas. Num cenário crítico de elevação do nível do mar (1m), este valor aumentaria para 33,71 km² . A análise da costa como um todo indica que os 81,8% das construções urbanas, que estão a menos de 30 m da linha de costa e em terrenos abaixo de 5m, deverão ser rapidamente atingidas pela mudança no nível do mar atual. O litoral possui 45,7% de sua extensão sob zona de alta vulnerabilidade. Frente aos cenários simulados, aponta-se a necessidade de um planejamento público para mitigação dos futuros impactos.A alteração nas marés e ressacas, acompanhada do aumento do nível médio do mar em conjunto com fenômenos meteorológicos, como tempestades eventos intensos, causam grandes impactos. Pequenas alterações no nível médio do mar podem modificar o nível de base dos sistemas fluviais e intensificar o processo de erosão costeira e inundação no Recife. Segundo dados registrados no Porto do Recife para o período de 1946 a 1988, houve uma elevação de 5,6 mm/ano. O diagnóstico aponta um aumento progressivo do nível do mar de aproximadamente 0,01m a cada 5 anos. | |
| 634 | Cities 2021 | 35872 | Municipality of Recife | Brazil | Latin America | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.1 | Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact. | 4 | Flood and sea level rise > Groundwater flood | Yes | High | Medium | Fluctuating socio-economic conditions; Increased demand for public services; Increased incidence and prevalence of disease and illness; Loss of traditional jobs; Population displacement | Commercial; Residential; Transport | Children & youth; Elderly; Low-income households; Marginalized groups; Persons living in sub-standard housing; Persons with chronic diseases; Persons with disabilities; Unemployed persons; Women & girls | Increasing | Increasing | High | Immediately | Algumas condições geomorfológicas e ambientais contribuem para essa ameaça ser amplamente distribuída, tais como o relevo plano, as baixas cotas de seu território, com altitudes dominantes entre 2,5 a 5 metros acima do nível médio do mar, a rede de drenagem da região, o lençol freático próximo à superfície e aflorante na estação chuvosa. Graças à elevação do nível do mar já percebido na cidade, algumas vias públicas ficam parcialmente alagadas nos períodos de maré alta, mesmo sem ocorrências de precipitação. Isso ocorre, pois, as galerias aquáticas da cidade desaguam no mar ou no rio. Porém, quando a maré está alta, as águas acabam retornando para as ruas localizadas em um nível mais baixo. Como todos os cenários traçados para a cidade preveem o aumento cada vez mais acentuado do nível do mar em sua zona costeira, as estimativas é que essa situação descrita se espalhe por outros pontos da cidade, afetando ainda mais a infraestrutura urbana e causando mais transtornos para a população. | |
| 635 | Cities 2021 | 35872 | Municipality of Recife | Brazil | Latin America | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.1 | Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact. | 5 | Mass movement > Landslide | Yes | High | High | Fluctuating socio-economic conditions; Increased demand for healthcare services; Increased demand for public services; Increased incidence and prevalence of disease and illness; Increased resource demand; Increased risk to already vulnerable populations; Population displacement | Emergency services; Residential | Children & youth; Elderly; Low-income households; Marginalized groups; Persons living in sub-standard housing; Persons with chronic diseases; Persons with disabilities; Unemployed persons; Women & girls | Increasing | Increasing | High | Immediately | Uma pesquisa recentemente divulgada pelo IBGE mostra que, de acordo com dados do último censo (2010), o Recife é a quinta cidade do Brasil com o maior número de moradores em áreas propensas a desastres naturais, sendo o deslizamento de morros e encostas o principal risco. Ainda de acordo com a pesquisa, existem 206.761 pessoas vivendo em locais expostos aos perigos de eventos naturais extremos, o que correspondia a cerca de 13% do total da população do município. A ocupação nos morros do Recife se caracteriza por construções precárias ao noroeste e sul do município. Dado o relevo da região, toda a parte mais elevada do município está sujeita em algum grau à ameaça de deslizamento. No cenário projetado de 2011-2040, há um aumento da intensidade da ameaça de deslizamento. Esse risco se concentra apenas nas regiões com relevo naturalmente mais acidentado. O déficit habitacional, e a densidade demográfica em conjunto com as concentrações de população sensível, especialmente nas Comunidades de Interesse Social (CIS), são as maiores forças na definição das zonas com risco de deslizamento. O processo de ocupação desordenada de encostas com inclinações elevadas apenas acentua a vulnerabilidade da população. | |
| 636 | Cities 2021 | 35872 | Municipality of Recife | Brazil | Latin America | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.1 | Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact. | 6 | Extreme Precipitation > Rain storm | Yes | High | High | Increased demand for healthcare services; Increased demand for public services; Increased incidence and prevalence of disease and illness; Increased resource demand; Increased risk to already vulnerable populations; Loss of traditional jobs; Population displacement | Commercial; Emergency services; Energy; Environment, biodiversity, forestry; Public health; Residential; Tourism; Transport; Water supply & sanitation | Children & youth; Elderly; Indigenous population; Low-income households; Marginalized groups; Persons living in sub-standard housing; Persons with chronic diseases; Persons with disabilities; Unemployed persons; Women & girls | Increasing | Increasing | High | Immediately | Historicamente, a cidade do Recife sofre com os extremos de precipitação sobre as áreas de ocupação inadequada, infraestrutura de drenagem insuficiente, que, por consequência, levam a ocorrências de inundações e deslizamentos. Indicadores referentes a maior precipitação em um dia e acumulada em cinco dias mostram tendências de aumento e recorrência de eventos de inundação e deslizamentos, uma vez que as chuvas serão mais intensas e concentradas em um curto período de tempo. | |
| 637 | Cities 2021 | 35872 | Municipality of Recife | Brazil | Latin America | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.1 | Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact. | 7 | Water Scarcity > Drought | Yes | Medium | Medium | Fluctuating socio-economic conditions; Increased demand for public services; Increased incidence and prevalence of disease and illness; Increased risk to already vulnerable populations | Energy; Environment, biodiversity, forestry; Water supply & sanitation | Children & youth; Elderly; Low-income households; Marginalized groups; Persons with disabilities; Women & girls | Increasing | Increasing | Medium | Medium-term (2026-2050) | O Recife possui 3 bacias hidrográficas que ocupam todo o seu território. São elas: Bacia do Capibaribe, do Beberibe e do RioTejipió. Entretanto, a oferta de água da Região Metropolitana do Recife é bastante complexa, sendo composta por uma série de sistemas integrados e de sistemas isolados complementares. Considerando apenas o município do Recife, existe uma combinação da limitação da resolução dos modelos de projeções climáticas regionais, com a própria extensão do município, que é afetado por eventos de precipitação. A ameaça de seca meteorológica considera a ocorrência de falta ou racionamento de água caso a ameaça se concretize por tempo suficiente e, por consequência, como a população poderia lidar com esse impacto, não sendo considerada a gestão ou insipiência na gestão das bacias que atendem a cidade. | |
| 638 | Cities 2021 | 35873 | Municipality of Medellín | Colombia | Latin America | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.1 | Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact. | 1 | Mass movement > Landslide | Yes | High | High | Increased demand for healthcare services; Increased risk to already vulnerable populations; Population displacement | Emergency services; Land use planning; Residential; Transport | Low-income households; Marginalized groups; Persons living in sub-standard housing; Persons with disabilities; Women & girls | Increasing | Increasing | High | Medium-term (2026-2050) | Dadas las condiciones ambientales, geológicas y geomorfológicas del municipio, diversas zonas se han visto históricamente afectadas por Movimientos en masa tales como deslizamientos, caídas de roca, flujos de detritos, flujos de lodo y reptaciones del terreno que son generadas, en muchas ocasiones por los eventos de precipitación extrema o acumulada en temporadas de lluvia. Los antecedentes muestran un mayor impacto en barrios, viviendas y asentamientos informales localizados en zonas de alta pendiente o cauces de quebradas, siendo los impactos proporcionales a la vulnerabilidad de la población y sistemas físicos afectados. Además de la perdida de bienes, la ciudad ha experimentado la perdida de vidas humanas y la afectación parcial de servicios básicos.Las proyecciones climáticas evidencian que, si bien no se presentará una aumento de la lluvia acumulada, es muy probable el aumento en frecuencia de las lluvias extremas. Esta situación advierte de la posibilidad en el aumento de los impactos negativos por deslizamientos, en la medida en que Medellín sigue experimentando la expansión de asentamientos en zonas de alto riesgo geológico, especialmente en el borde urbano rural de la ladera oriental y centro occidental. El peligro de la exposición se puede ver acrecentado dadas las características precarias de estos asentamientos y las condiciones de vida de la población que allí habita, generalmente, víctimas del conflicto armado, migrantes rurales, desempleados, trabajadores y trabajadoras informales cuya condición de vulnerabilidad se ve acrecentada por distintos factores. | |
| 639 | Cities 2021 | 35873 | Municipality of Medellín | Colombia | Latin America | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.1 | Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact. | 2 | Flood and sea level rise > Flash / surface flood | Yes | High | High | Increased demand for healthcare services; Increased incidence and prevalence of disease and illness; Increased risk to already vulnerable populations | Emergency services; Food & agriculture; Land use planning; Public health; Transport | Low-income households; Marginalized groups; Persons with disabilities; Women & girls | Increasing | Increasing | High | Medium-term (2026-2050) | Dadas las condiciones geomorfológicas del municipio y su las consecuencias de su proceso de ocupación, Medellín se ha visto afectada por el desbordamiento lento, asociados al ámbito del río Medellín y sus quebradas tributarias, y a avenidas torrenciales; crecientes súbitas, dadas en los zonas de alta pendiente sobre los afluentes del río y que, generalmente, acarrean material sólido.En el caso de las inundaciones lentas, se ha evidenciado una principal afectación en la zona de valle, afectando sótanos e infraestructura vial, principalmente. En contraste, las avenidas torrenciales suelen afectar, principalmente, viviendas y asentamientos localizados en las franjas inundables de las quebradas afluentes localizadas en zona de pendiente, ocasionando la pérdida de bienes y vidas humanas.Las proyecciones climáticas evidencian que, si bien no se presentará una aumento de la lluvia acumulada, es muy probable el aumento en frecuencia de las lluvias extrema, que se pueden ver intensificadas por los fenómenos de variabilidad climática. Este fenómeno es el principal detonante de las inundaciones y avenidas torrenciales que afectan el municipio, por tanto, es de esperar un aumento en la frecuencia e intensidad de este tipo de peligros. | |
| 640 | Cities 2021 | 35873 | Municipality of Medellín | Colombia | Latin America | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.1 | Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact. | 3 | Wild fire > Forest fire | No | Medium High | Medium High | Increased demand for healthcare services; Increased demand for public services; Increased resource demand; Increased risk to already vulnerable populations | Environment, biodiversity, forestry; Land use planning | Low-income households | Increasing | Increasing | Medium High | Medium-term (2026-2050) | Se identificaron como Incendios de Cobertura Vegetal, (ICV), e incluye incendios no solo forestales sino también los que se producen o afectan zonas cubiertas de pastos, arbustos y otras especies. Se dan principalmente en el borde urbano rural de la ciudad durante los períodos secos, que se ven intensificados por los fenómenos de variabilidad climática. Afectan principalmente a zonas protegidas, áreas ambientalmente sensibles y zonas de recreación. De acuerdo con las proyecciones hidrometeorológicas, es probable que se de un aumento en los días consecutivos sin lluvia y el aumento de los días anuales en que la temperatura máxima supere el umbral de 29°C, lo que repercutirá en la susceptibilidad a la ocurrencia de Incendios de cobertura vegetal. | |
| 641 | Cities 2021 | 35873 | Municipality of Medellín | Colombia | Latin America | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.1 | Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact. | 4 | Extreme hot temperature > Heat wave | No | Medium | Medium | Increased demand for public services; Increased risk to already vulnerable populations | Environment, biodiversity, forestry; Food & agriculture | Elderly; Low-income households; Persons living in sub-standard housing; Persons with chronic diseases; Persons with disabilities | Increasing | Increasing | Medium High | Medium-term (2026-2050) | Aunque no es un fenómeno ampliamente estudiado en el caso de Medellín, de acuerdo con los análisis y las proyecciones realizadas, es muy probable el aumento de la temperatura media local y probable el aumento del número de días anuales en que la temperatura máxima supere el umbral de los 29°C. Esto implicará una mayor demanda de sistemas de refrigeración e implica riesgos adicionales para la población con enfermedades crónicas o que laboran en la intemperie. | |
| 642 | Cities 2021 | 35873 | Municipality of Medellín | Colombia | Latin America | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.1 | Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact. | 5 | Extreme Precipitation > Rain storm | Yes | Medium High | Medium High | Increased resource demand; Increased risk to already vulnerable populations | Emergency services; Food & agriculture; Residential; Transport | Low-income households; Persons living in sub-standard housing | Increasing | Increasing | High | Medium-term (2026-2050) | Los eventos de precipitación extrema impactan a Medellín generado diferentes efectos, por un lado la inundación lenta asociada al río Medellín en la zona de valle; en segundo lugar, con la ocurrencia de deslizamientos y avenidas torrenciales que generan afectaciones en las zonas de ladera; en tercer lugar, las granizadas suelen afectar la productividad agropecuaria en las zonas rurales; en cuarto lugar, las lluvias extremas suelen colapsar el sistema de drenaje natural y artificial de la ciudad, inundando viviendas, sótanos, edificios públicos, comerciales, entre otros y afectando la malla vial.Como quinto, las tormentas eléctricas y fuertes vientos obligan a la suspensión del servicio de transporte asociado al sistema de cables aéreos, afectando a las familias más pobres localizadas en las zonas altas de la ciudad. Los lluvias extremas y tormentas obligan a suspender las operaciones del aeropuerto local. Los vientos, también afectan el arbolado urbano generando caídas, con daños materiales, obstrucciones viales y cortes de servicios públicos domiciliarios. De acuerdo con la evidencia recabada por el Municipio de Medellín y el Área Metropolitana del Valle de Aburrá, es muy probable que haya un aumento en la frecuencia e intensidad de las lluvias extremas y tormentas durante las próximas décadas. | |
| 643 | Cities 2021 | 35873 | Municipality of Medellín | Colombia | Latin America | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.1 | Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact. | 6 | Biological hazards > Vector-borne disease | Yes | Medium | Medium | Increased demand for healthcare services; Increased incidence and prevalence of disease and illness; Increased risk to already vulnerable populations | Public health | Elderly; Marginalized groups; Persons with chronic diseases | Increasing | Increasing | Medium High | Medium-term (2026-2050) | Los análisis preliminares, realizados por la Secretaría de Salud del Municipio de Medellín, muestran que se ha dado una relación en los picos de enfermedades transmitidas por vectores como el Sika o Chikunguña durante las temporadas de lluvia más prolongadas, vinculadas a fenómenos de variabilidad climática. Aunque se trata de afirmaciones preliminares hacen una advertencia a la necesidad de fortalecer las campañas de control y prevención hacia el futuro.Las estimaciones de cambio en el comportamiento del clima hacen prever que ante un eventual aumento de las lluvias en temporada y por efectos de la variabilidad y un inminente aumento las temperaturas media y máxima, se dará un incremento en la humedad relativa media, propiciando el desarrollo de mosquitos transmisores. Para afrontar esta situación, el Municipio de Medellín adelanta la formulación del Plan de Adaptación en Salud, en el marco de la implementación de la Política Integral de Salud Ambiental. | |
| 644 | Cities 2021 | 35874 | City of Phoenix, AZ | United States of America | North America | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.1 | Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact. | 1 | Extreme hot temperature > Extreme hot days | Yes | High | Medium | Increased incidence and prevalence of disease and illness; Increased risk to already vulnerable populations | Energy; Public health; Residential; Water supply & sanitation | Elderly; Low-income households; Other, please specify; Persons living in sub-standard housing; Persons with chronic diseases; Persons with disabilities | Increasing | Increasing | High | Immediately | Vulnerable communities are at health and safety risk due to pro-longed exposure to heat and dehydration. | |
| 645 | Cities 2021 | 35874 | City of Phoenix, AZ | United States of America | North America | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.1 | Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact. | 2 | Biological hazards > Vector-borne disease | Yes | Low | Low | Increased demand for healthcare services; Increased resource demand; Increased risk to already vulnerable populations | Environment, biodiversity, forestry; Food & agriculture; Public health | Elderly; Other, please specify; Persons with chronic diseases; Persons with disabilities | Increasing | Increasing | Low | Immediately | Fear and possible drastic change of behavior; economic damage. In the future a potential outbreak of west nile virus, or any vector-borne disease whose spread is exacerbated by climate change, could overwhelm the emergency management teams and health care system. From a 2017 study, titled "Projections of Climate Impacts on Vector-Borne Diseases and Valley Fever in Arizona" found at (https://www.azdhs.gov/documents/preparedness/epidemiology-disease-control/extreme-weather/pubs/projections-climate-impacts-vector-borne.pdf): Certain infectious diseases disproportionately affect the southwestern United States (Arizona, California, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, and Utah). Specifically, the vast majority of Valley fever and plague cases occur in this region (data extracted from CDC Summary of Notifiable Diseases, 2005-2014 and CDC 2013; Figure 2). Despite that this region is home to only 18.0% of the US population, it accounts for approximately 58.8% of Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS) and 30.1% of the West Nile virus cases. Current summary of vector abundance predictions for Phoenix show an extension of the season with some areas experiencing a more pronounced mid-summer dip in vector abundance. By mid-century, the extension of the season will continue with some areas experiencing a pronounced, potentially crashing, mid-summer change in vector abundance. | |
| 646 | Cities 2021 | 35874 | City of Phoenix, AZ | United States of America | North America | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.1 | Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact. | 3 | Extreme hot temperature > Heat wave | Yes | High | Medium | Increased demand for healthcare services; Increased demand for public services; Increased resource demand; Increased risk to already vulnerable populations | Energy; Public health; Water supply & sanitation | Children & youth; Elderly; Low-income households; Marginalized groups; Other, please specify; Persons living in sub-standard housing; Persons with chronic diseases; Persons with disabilities; Unemployed persons | Increasing | Increasing | Medium | Immediately | Same topic as extreme hot days, but this category suggests extended days of intense heat. | |
| 647 | Cities 2021 | 35874 | City of Phoenix, AZ | United States of America | North America | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.1 | Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact. | 4 | Flood and sea level rise > Flash / surface flood | Yes | High | Medium | Increased demand for public services; Increased incidence and prevalence of disease and illness; Increased risk to already vulnerable populations | Commercial; Residential; Transport | Elderly; Low-income households; Other, please specify; Persons living in sub-standard housing; Unemployed persons | Increasing | Increasing | Medium | Immediately | Experience with flash floods informs the conclusion that impacts may occur unexpectedly anywhere with severe impact. | |
| 648 | Cities 2021 | 35874 | City of Phoenix, AZ | United States of America | North America | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.1 | Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact. | 5 | Water Scarcity > Drought | No | High | Medium Low | Increased demand for healthcare services; Increased demand for public services; Increased risk to already vulnerable populations | Commercial; Emergency services; Energy; Food & agriculture; Industrial; Residential; Tourism; Water supply & sanitation | Children & youth; Elderly; Low-income households; Marginalized groups; Persons living in sub-standard housing; Persons with chronic diseases; Unemployed persons | Increasing | Increasing | Medium | Immediately | Phoenix currently has a 100-year supply of water in the region and with Resiliency Planning the region is expected to meet the challenge of new additional climate change threats. Water levels at Lake Mead may trigger substantial water reductions to Arizona. The city of Phoenix and other partners have been working on mitigating the effects of the possible shortage through actions such as the Drought Contingency Plan, water banking, etc. | |
| 649 | Cities 2021 | 35877 | City of Pittsburgh, PA | United States of America | North America | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.1 | Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact. | 1 | Flood and sea level rise > Flash / surface flood | Yes | Medium High | Medium High | Fluctuating socio-economic conditions; Increased demand for public services; Increased incidence and prevalence of disease and illness; Increased resource demand; Increased risk to already vulnerable populations; Population displacement | Public health; Transport; Water supply & sanitation | Children & youth; Elderly; Low-income households; Marginalized groups; Persons living in sub-standard housing; Persons with chronic diseases; Persons with disabilities; Unemployed persons | Increasing | Increasing | High | Immediately | Our anticipated time scale is Current. We are currently faced with flash flooding. This usually results in landslides, Combined Sewer Overflow, and property (infrastructure) damage. It leads to public safety issues where roads are not passable to respond to emergencies, sewage is backed up into residential and commercial basements, and greater health issues such as mold leading to respiratory issues, an increase in mosquitos and cholera exposure due to standing/ stagnant water. In 2011 a flash flood claimed four lives. As rain events become more frequent and more severe, roads that were paved over streams are more prone to flooding which endangers citizens and emergency responders. We are actively combating this issues with major upgrades to our water system to install a two pipe system as well as Green Infrastructure. Awareness campaigns and flood prevention technologies have also been deployed. | |
| 650 | Cities 2021 | 35877 | City of Pittsburgh, PA | United States of America | North America | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.1 | Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact. | 2 | Extreme hot temperature > Extreme hot days | Yes | Medium High | Medium | Increased demand for healthcare services; Increased resource demand; Increased risk to already vulnerable populations | Energy; Food & agriculture; Public health | Children & youth; Elderly; Low-income households; Marginalized groups; Persons living in sub-standard housing; Persons with chronic diseases; Persons with disabilities; Unemployed persons | Increasing | Increasing | Medium High | Immediately | Pittsburgh has one of the oldest populations of any US city, and the elderly are more vulnerable to extreme temperatures, which can strain emergency services. The local energy grid struggles to meet peak load for cooling needs, so an extremely hot day could cause blackouts. Pittsburgh also struggles with Air Quality issues and has some of the highest rates of youth suffering from asthma. Extreme heat in combination with poor air, with the addition of increased air pollution as a result of the generation and transmission of energy to keep of with demands to supply air conditioning and fans, only further exacerbates those suffering from health issues as a result of poor air quality. |
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The dataset contains 2021 data on cities' climate hazards, reported by cities through the CDP-ICLEI Unified Reporting System in response to question 2.1 (" Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity.") in the 2021 Cities questionnaire. View cities questionnaire guidance at https://www.cdp.net/en/guidance/guidance-for-cities. Please contact cities@cdp.net if you have any questions.
This data is collected through the CDP-ICLEI Unified Reporting System. When using this data, please cite both organisations using the following wording: ‘This data was collected in partnership by CDP and ICLEI - Local Governments for Sustainability’.
For further guidance on how to reference this data for use in external publications, please refer to the Open Data Portal Terms of Use available on the homepage.
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