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2021 Cities Climate Hazards

Row numberQuestionnaire NameAccount NumberAccount NameCountryCDP RegionParentSectionSectionQuestion NumberQuestion NameRowNumberRowNameClimate HazardsDid this hazard significantly impact your city before 2021?Current probability of hazardCurrent magnitude of hazardSocial impact of hazard overallMost relevant assets / services affected overallPlease identify which vulnerable populations are affectedFuture change in frequencyFuture change in intensityFuture expected magnitude of hazardWhen do you first expect to experience those changes in frequency and intensity?Please describe the impacts experienced so far, and how you expect the hazard to impact in the future
851Cities 202136477Comune di LuccaItalyEurope2. Climate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards2.1Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact.1Extreme Precipitation > Heavy snowNoMediumMediumMigration from rural areas to citiesTransportElderlyNoneDo not knowDo not knowShort-term (by 2025)
852Cities 202136492Comune di ParmaItalyEurope2. Climate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards2.1Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact.1Extreme Precipitation > Rain stormYesMedium LowMedium LowFluctuating socio-economic conditions; Increased demand for public servicesFood & agriculture; Society / community & culture; TransportChildren & youth; Elderly; Indigenous population; Low-income households; Marginalized groups; Persons with chronic diseases; Persons with disabilities; Women & girlsIncreasingIncreasingMediumImmediatelyIn the last years, despite rain seems to be less frequent annually, it is more intense when it comes. Many damages are caused by reain crystallized into hail, also in summer periods. Recently https://www.ilrestodelcarlino.it/parma/maltempo-grandine-autostrada-1.6631087
853Cities 202136492Comune di ParmaItalyEurope2. Climate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards2.1Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact.2Water Scarcity > DroughtYesMedium LowMediumIncreased incidence and prevalence of disease and illness; Increased risk to already vulnerable populations; Other, please specify: loss of social and community activity in the cityCommercial; Emergency services; Environment, biodiversity, forestry; Food & agriculture; Public health; Residential; Tourism; Transport; Water supply & sanitationElderly; Low-income households; Marginalized groups; Persons living in sub-standard housingIncreasingIncreasingMediumImmediatelywater scarcity due to draught periods is a problem impacting several fields at the same time: a) irrigation, this is parrticularly critical for Parma because of it's agricoltural based economy. Now some models to minimize the water loss for irrigation is in progress. b) some small villages in the province of Parma registered water loss for short period of time. c) acquifers are extremely lowered in summer.
854Cities 202136492Comune di ParmaItalyEurope2. Climate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards2.1Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact.3Extreme hot temperature > Heat waveYesMedium HighMediumIncreased demand for healthcare services; Increased risk to already vulnerable populations; Population displacementEnergy; Food & agriculture; Water supply & sanitationChildren & youth; Persons with disabilities; Unemployed personsIncreasingIncreasingMediumShort-term (by 2025)This created healt problems especially for elderly periods.
855Cities 202136492Comune di ParmaItalyEurope2. Climate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards2.1Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact.4Flood and sea level rise > River floodYesMediumMediumFluctuating socio-economic conditions; Increased demand for healthcare services; Increased risk to already vulnerable populations; Migration from rural areas to citiesEmergency services; Information & communications technology; TransportChildren & youth; Low-income households; Persons with disabilitiesIncreasingIncreasingMediumShort-term (by 2025)In 2013 to 2016 several floods generated by rain storm highered the level of the rivers passing through Parma. This severely striked the city of Parma, the estimates are of about of 90 millions of damages due to the floods. The situation is expected to worst in the coming years.
856Cities 202136493Comune di PescaraItalyEurope2. Climate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards2.1Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact.1Extreme Precipitation > Rain stormYesMediumHighIncreased risk to already vulnerable populationsWater supply & sanitationPersons living in sub-standard housingIncreasingIncreasingMediumMedium-term (2026-2050)There are some areas of the city wich are mostly affected by this problem and thus all people living there are vulnerable.
857Cities 202136493Comune di PescaraItalyEurope2. Climate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards2.1Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact.2Flood and sea level rise > River floodYesMediumMediumFluctuating socio-economic conditions; Increased risk to already vulnerable populationsCommercial; Education; Emergency services; Residential; TransportOther, please specify: It depends on the area affected by flooding since all people living in these particular areas are affected by the problemDecreasingDo not knowMediumImmediately
858Cities 202136493Comune di PescaraItalyEurope2. Climate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards2.1Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact.3
859Cities 202136493Comune di PescaraItalyEurope2. Climate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards2.1Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact.4Mass movement > LandslideYesMediumMediumIncreased resource demand; Increased risk to already vulnerable populations; Population displacementEmergency services; Food & agriculture; Land use planningOther, please specifyDecreasingDo not knowMediumImmediatelyThere are some areas of the city which are mostly affected by this problem and thus all people living there are affected
860Cities 202136494Comune di PadovaItalyEurope2. Climate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards2.1Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact.1Extreme Precipitation > Rain stormYesMedium HighMedium HighIncreased demand for healthcare services; Increased demand for public services; Increased resource demandEmergency services; Food & agriculture; Land use planning; Public health; TransportElderly; Persons with disabilitiesIncreasingIncreasingMedium HighShort-term (by 2025)In relation to the risk of heavy rainfall (rain storms) in the municipality of Padova there is a strong probability:- to increase the number of hours of closure to the transit of roads and / or underpasses, which, although equipped with safety devices(traffic lights, water pumps), may be subject to failures or malfunctions, - to increase the percentage of rainwater subject to surface runoff for effect of a progressive extension of waterproofed areas,- to increase the economic damage to agriculture as a result of heavy hailstorms, - to increase the number of interventions by technical emergency services (fire brigades).Among the impacts highlighted, some may demonstrate greater severity and will occur in a short-term time horizon, thus requiring specific adaptation measures: - the closure to transit of roads and underpasses (transport sector), with particular reference to underpasses at greater risk, - the intensification of surface runoff phenomena in the urban environment (built-up sector), which in turn, have significant impacts by increasing road maintenance costs, by increasing the amount of waste produced, increasing the risk of flasha flooding, as a result of aprogressive increase in meteoric contributions to watercourses,- the increase in economic damage to crops (agriculture and forestry sector) as a result of extreme weather events (heavy rainfall, hailstorms), with significant repercussions on the entire agri-food chain.
861Cities 202136494Comune di PadovaItalyEurope2. Climate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards2.1Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact.2Extreme hot temperature > Heat waveYesHighHighIncreased demand for healthcare services; Increased incidence and prevalence of disease and illness; Increased resource demand; Increased risk to already vulnerable populationsEmergency services; Energy; Environment, biodiversity, forestry; Food & agriculture; Public health; Water supply & sanitationChildren & youth; Elderly; Persons living in sub-standard housing; Persons with chronic diseasesIncreasingIncreasingHighImmediatelyIn relation to the risk of heat waves in the municipality of Padova there is a strong probability, in the summer period:- to increase the number of days of high electricity consumption compared to the average values,- to increase the number of days of high water consumption compared to the average values, - to increase the difference of surface temperatures between urbanized and rural areas, due to the effect of the "urban heat island" effect,- to increase the number of days with ozone concentration above the alert threshold, - to increase the number of days of regional alert declared for intense heat, Among the impacts highlighted, some may demonstrate greater severity and will occur in a short-term time horizon, thus requiring specific adaptation measures:- urban warming (built-up sector), with its impact on people's health, on the state of power plant systems, on energy consumption in homes and workplaces and on the water demand in all sectors of activity,- crop loss (agriculture and forestry sector),- the progressive deterioration of air quality in the summer period (health/ environment sector and biodiversity), as a result of the trend of increase in ozone concentrations, - the declaration of regional alert for heat wave risk (emergency sector), with the related repercussions on all the socio-economic activities of the city.
862Cities 202136494Comune di PadovaItalyEurope2. Climate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards2.1Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact.3Flood and sea level rise > River floodYesMediumMediumIncreased demand for healthcare services; Increased risk to already vulnerable populationsEmergency services; Industrial; Residential; Transport; Waste managementElderly; Persons with disabilitiesIncreasingIncreasingMedium HighMedium-term (2026-2050)In relation to the risk of flooding in the municipality of Padova there is a strong probability:- to increase the production of bulky solid waste, with a consequent increase of requests for removal,- to increase the number of households living in areas at risk of flooding,- to increase the number of days of regional alert declared for flooding,Among the impacts highlighted, some may demonstrate greater severity and will occur in a short-term time horizon, thus requiring specific adaptation measures:- flooding of private property (built sector),- the closure of roads and/or bridges to traffic (transport sector),- the declaration of regional flood risk alert (emergency sector), with the related repercussions on all the socio-economic activities of the city.
863Cities 202136494Comune di PadovaItalyEurope2. Climate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards2.1Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact.4Storm and wind > Severe windYesMedium HighMedium HighIncreased demand for healthcare services; Increased incidence and prevalence of disease and illnessEnergy; Environment, biodiversity, forestry; Food & agriculture; Public health; TransportIncreasingIncreasingMediumShort-term (by 2025)In relation to the risk of high-intensity windy phenomena in the municipality of Padova there is a strong probability,- to increase the number of fallen trees as a result of uprooting from the ground or fall of branches in urban areas.Among the impacts highlighted, some may demonstrate greater severity and will occur in a short-term time horizon, thus requiring specific adaptation measures:- the intensification of tree fall phenomena in urban areas (built-up sector, environment sector and biodiversity), such as to generate potential damage to the exposed elements (buildings, parked vehicles, pedestrians, etc.); this impact also determines a reduction in the amount of CO2 absorbed by the trees and the limitation of the positive effects of urban green in adapting to climate changes, - increasing the economic damage to crops and agricultural structures (agriculture and forestation) as a result of extreme weather events (heavy wind), with repercussions significant on the entire agri-food chain.
864Cities 202136501Comune di PratoItalyEurope2. Climate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards2.1Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact.1Extreme Precipitation > Rain stormYesMediumMediumIncreased risk to already vulnerable populationsLand use planning; Public health; TransportPersons living in sub-standard housing; Persons with disabilitiesIncreasingIncreasingMedium HighShort-term (by 2025)The past rainstorms caused several flooding, provoking damages in the urban areas. The municipality has been taking many actions to reduce the damages.The recent precipitation's frequency increases the probability of rainstorm, Prato has been working with mitigation measures.
865Cities 202136501Comune di PratoItalyEurope2. Climate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards2.1Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact.2Extreme Precipitation > Heavy snowYesLowLowIncreased demand for public services; Increased incidence and prevalence of disease and illness; Increased risk to already vulnerable populationsTransportElderly; Persons with disabilitiesNot expected to happen in the futureNot expected to happen in the futureMediumMedium-term (2026-2050)The last heavy snow occurred in 2010 with damages to the urban areas and traffic.The climatic change and increase of the average temperature reduce the risk of this event.
866Cities 202136501Comune di PratoItalyEurope2. Climate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards2.1Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact.3Storm and wind > Severe windYesMediumMediumIncreased demand for healthcare services; Increased demand for public services; Increased incidence and prevalence of disease and illnessCommercial; Industrial; Residential; TransportElderly; Persons with disabilitiesIncreasingIncreasingMedium HighShort-term (by 2025)The last serve wind occurred in 2015 with damages on the urban areas. The Prato area is very windy and in the future, it can also be hit by extreme events
867Cities 202136501Comune di PratoItalyEurope2. Climate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards2.1Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact.4Extreme hot temperature > Heat waveYesMediumMediumIncreased demand for healthcare services; Increased incidence and prevalence of disease and illness; Increased risk to already vulnerable populationsEmergency services; Energy; Public healthChildren & youth; Elderly; Persons with chronic diseasesIncreasingIncreasingMedium HighShort-term (by 2025)Prato had very intense heat waves in the last few years, hitting mainly the elderly population and the only solution was to use the traditional cooling that increased the electricity request provoking often the crisis of the electricity grid.
868Cities 202136504Comune di RiminiItalyEurope2. Climate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards2.1Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact.1Extreme Precipitation > Rain stormYesMedium LowDo not knowIncreased demand for healthcare services; Loss of traditional jobs; Population displacementEnvironment, biodiversity, forestry; Industrial; Information & communications technology; Residential; Society / community & culture; Tourism; TransportIndigenous population; Other, please specifyIncreasingIncreasingMedium-term (2026-2050)
869Cities 202136504Comune di RiminiItalyEurope2. Climate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards2.1Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact.2Storm and wind > Severe windYesLowDo not knowOther, please specifyInformation & communications technology; Public health; TransportIndigenous population; Other, please specifyIncreasingIncreasingDo not knowMedium-term (2026-2050)
870Cities 202136504Comune di RiminiItalyEurope2. Climate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards2.1Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact.3Flood and sea level rise > River floodYesMedium LowDo not knowOther, please specifyInformation & communications technology; Land use planning; Residential; Tourism; TransportIndigenous population; Other, please specifyIncreasingIncreasingLowMedium-term (2026-2050)
871Cities 202136504Comune di RiminiItalyEurope2. Climate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards2.1Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact.4Flood and sea level rise > Coastal floodDo not knowDo not knowDo not knowOther, please specifyOther, please specifyIncreasingIncreasingMediumMedium-term (2026-2050)
872Cities 202136504Comune di RiminiItalyEurope2. Climate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards2.1Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact.5Chemical change > Salt water intrusionYesLowLowOther, please specifyEnvironment, biodiversity, forestryIndigenous population; Other, please specifyDo not knowDo not knowDo not knowMedium-term (2026-2050)
873Cities 202136504Comune di RiminiItalyEurope2. Climate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards2.1Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact.6Mass movement > LandslideYesLowLowOther, please specifyResidential; TransportLowMedium-term (2026-2050)
874Cities 202136504Comune di RiminiItalyEurope2. Climate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards2.1Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact.7Mass movement > SubsidenceYesDo not knowDo not knowOther, please specifyEnvironment, biodiversity, forestry; Residential; TransportIndigenous population; Other, please specifyDo not knowMedium-term (2026-2050)
875Cities 202137241City of Berkeley, CAUnited States of AmericaNorth America2. Climate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards2.1Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact.1Flood and sea level rise > Flash / surface floodYesHighLowIncreased demand for public services; Increased risk to already vulnerable populationsEnergy; Environment, biodiversity, forestry; Food & agriculture; Water supply & sanitationLow-income households; Marginalized groups; Persons living in sub-standard housing; Persons with disabilitiesIncreasingIncreasingMediumImmediatelyThe City has experienced more frequent severe storms with flooding, particularly in West Berkeley, which is also the area with more low-income community members and communities that face more health and equity issues. We expect additional extreme rainfall and storms with associated flooding over time, which puts these vulnerable communities even more at risk.
876Cities 202137241City of Berkeley, CAUnited States of AmericaNorth America2. Climate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards2.1Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact.2Extreme hot temperature > Extreme hot daysYesHighMediumIncreased demand for healthcare services; Increased demand for public services; Increased risk to already vulnerable populationsEmergency services; Energy; Environment, biodiversity, forestry; Food & agriculture; Public health; Water supply & sanitationChildren & youth; Elderly; Indigenous population; Low-income households; Marginalized groups; Persons living in sub-standard housing; Persons with chronic diseases; Persons with disabilitiesIncreasingIncreasingHighImmediatelyThe City has seen increased frequency and intensity of heat waves, and expects this trend to continue. The utility provider, PG&E, has also been implementing Power Safety Power Shutoffs during times of increased risk for wildfires, such as high heat days with dry conditions and/or high winds, and during these times customers can expect to have power shut off for up to 2-6 days.
877Cities 202137241City of Berkeley, CAUnited States of AmericaNorth America2. Climate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards2.1Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact.3Water Scarcity > DroughtYesHighHighIncreased conflict and/or crime; Increased demand for public services; Increased resource demand; Increased risk to already vulnerable populations; Population displacementCommercial; Environment, biodiversity, forestry; Food & agriculture; Industrial; Public health; Residential; Society / community & culture; Water supply & sanitationChildren & youth; Elderly; Low-income households; Marginalized groups; Persons living in sub-standard housing; Persons with disabilitiesIncreasingIncreasingHighImmediatelyCalifornia is again experiencing extreme drought. Latest scientific evidence expects that droughts will continue to impact California more frequently, and the snow pack which provides a large percentage of the state's water supply will be significantly reduced over the next century.
878Cities 202137241City of Berkeley, CAUnited States of AmericaNorth America2. Climate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards2.1Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact.4Wild fire > Land fireYesHighHighIncreased demand for healthcare services; Increased demand for public services; Increased resource demand; Increased risk to already vulnerable populations; Population displacementCommercial; Emergency services; Energy; Environment, biodiversity, forestry; Food & agriculture; Industrial; Land use planning; Public health; Residential; Society / community & cultureChildren & youth; Elderly; Low-income households; Marginalized groups; Persons living in sub-standard housing; Persons with disabilitiesIncreasingDo not knowHighImmediatelyThere have been increased urban fires in California, and Berkeley is at risk of such fires. With increased droughts and incidence of high heat days, this risk will increase over time. The utility provider, PG&E, will also start implementing Power Safety Power Shutoffs during times of increased risk for wildfires, such as high heat days with dry conditions, and during these times customers can expect to have power shut off for up to 2-6 days.
879Cities 202137241City of Berkeley, CAUnited States of AmericaNorth America2. Climate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards2.1Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact.5Wild fire > Forest fireYesHighHighIncreased demand for healthcare services; Increased demand for public services; Increased incidence and prevalence of disease and illness; Increased resource demand; Increased risk to already vulnerable populations; Other, please specifyEmergency services; Energy; Public health; ResidentialChildren & youth; Elderly; Low-income households; Marginalized groups; Other, please specify: Unhoused; Persons living in sub-standard housing; Persons with chronic diseases; Persons with disabilities; Unemployed personsIncreasingIncreasingHighImmediatelyWildfires across the Bay Area and beyond lead to hazardous smoke conditions for multiple days at a time. We expect this to increase in frequency and severity.
880Cities 202137241City of Berkeley, CAUnited States of AmericaNorth America2. Climate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards2.1Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact.6Extreme hot temperature > Extreme hot daysYesHighMedium HighIncreased demand for healthcare services; Increased demand for public services; Increased incidence and prevalence of disease and illness; Increased resource demand; Increased risk to already vulnerable populationsEmergency services; Energy; Environment, biodiversity, forestry; Public health; ResidentialChildren & youth; Elderly; Low-income households; Marginalized groups; Other, please specify: Unhoused; Persons living in sub-standard housing; Persons with chronic diseases; Persons with disabilitiesIncreasingIncreasingHighImmediatelyThere has been an increase in extreme heat days, which can also be exacerbated by simultaneous fire risks, rolling blackouts, and smoke events from local wildfires. We expect this to increase over time.
881Cities 202137261City of PietermaritzburgSouth AfricaAfrica2. Climate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards2.1Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact.1Water Scarcity > DroughtYesHighHighIncreased incidence and prevalence of disease and illness; Increased risk to already vulnerable populationsEmergency services; Environment, biodiversity, forestry; Food & agriculture; Land use planning; Society / community & culture; Water supply & sanitationChildren & youth; Elderly; Marginalized groups; Persons living in sub-standard housing; Persons with disabilitiesIncreasingIncreasingHighShort-term (by 2025)Pietermaritzburg (along with majority of the country) is experiencing a devastating drought. impact was being severely felt in the agricultural sector.The drought has reportedly affected almost 10 000 provincial farmers and stock losses were mounting with more than 30000 cattle having been lost.due to significant water shortages and the lack of rain in the upcoming winter months, there may be implementation of strategies such as water shedding and reducing water pressure (currently being implemented)taken from the KZN climate change strategy: Projected increases in rainfall variability and increasing average temperatures in KwaZulu-Natal will increase evaporation rates in the province and are likely to increase the potential for droughts in the province, however, there is uncertainty around future changes in rainfall in KwaZulu-Natal . Increases in the frequency and severity of droughts will negatively affect water security, human health, food security and biodiversity in KwaZulu-Natal .
882Cities 202137261City of PietermaritzburgSouth AfricaAfrica2. Climate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards2.1Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact.2Storm and wind > Lightning / thunderstormDo not knowHighHighIncreased risk to already vulnerable populations; Migration from rural areas to cities; Population displacementEnvironment, biodiversity, forestry; Food & agriculture; Society / community & cultureMarginalized groups; Persons living in sub-standard housing; Persons with disabilitiesIncreasingIncreasingMedium LowShort-term (by 2025)Impacts the electricity provision and there have been cases where people have been struck by lightening and houses have been damaged due to excessive thunder and lightening storms. The UMgungundlovu district municipality is in the process of implementing early warning systems in areas prone to server lighting conditions - this is currently a pilot project
883Cities 202137261City of PietermaritzburgSouth AfricaAfrica2. Climate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards2.1Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact.3Extreme Precipitation > HailYesMedium HighHighIncreased risk to already vulnerable populationsCommercial; Industrial; Information & communications technology; ResidentialChildren & youth; Elderly; Persons living in sub-standard housingDecreasingIncreasingMediumImmediatelydamage to infrastructure, buildings, cars etc.
884Cities 202137261City of PietermaritzburgSouth AfricaAfrica2. Climate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards2.1Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact.4Flood and sea level rise > River floodYesMedium HighHighIncreased demand for healthcare services; Increased demand for public services; Increased incidence and prevalence of disease and illness; Increased resource demand; Increased risk to already vulnerable populations; Population displacementEmergency services; Environment, biodiversity, forestry; Food & agriculture; Information & communications technology; Land use planning; Other, please specify: Infrastructure; Public health; Residential; Society / community & culture; Waste management; Water supply & sanitationIndigenous population; Persons living in sub-standard housing; Persons with disabilitiesDo not knowIncreasingMediumShort-term (by 2025)This occurs quite regularly and results in damage to infrastructure and loss of lives
885Cities 202137261City of PietermaritzburgSouth AfricaAfrica2. Climate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards2.1Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact.5Extreme Precipitation > Rain stormYesHighHighIncreased demand for healthcare services; Increased demand for public services; Increased risk to already vulnerable populationsEmergency services; Energy; Environment, biodiversity, forestry; Food & agriculture; Land use planning; Other, please specify: Buildings and infrastructure; Society / community & culture; Transport; Waste management; Water supply & sanitationPersons living in sub-standard housingIncreasingIncreasingMedium HighImmediatelyTaken from the KZN climate change strategy: Increasing rainfall variability: There is uncertainty regarding projected future rainfall in KwaZulu-Natal and that rainfall variability is likely to increase in KwaZulu-Natal as some parts are predicted to receive more rainfall, while other parts are predicted to receive less rainfall.In Pietermaritzburg These have increased in intensity over the past year and cause damage to buildings and infrastructure networks
886Cities 202137261City of PietermaritzburgSouth AfricaAfrica2. Climate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards2.1Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact.6Extreme hot temperature > Extreme hot daysYesHighHighIncreased demand for healthcare services; Increased incidence and prevalence of disease and illness; Increased resource demand; Increased risk to already vulnerable populationsEnvironment, biodiversity, forestry; Food & agriculture; Public health; Waste management; Water supply & sanitationChildren & youth; Marginalized groups; Persons living in sub-standard housing; Persons with chronic diseases; Persons with disabilitiesIncreasingIncreasingHighImmediatelyTaken from the KZN Climate change strategy: Increasing temperatures: If concerted efforts are not made to cut greenhouse gas emissions most of KwaZulu-Natal is projected to experience an increase in annual average temperatures of 1.5 to 2 °C compared to baseline temperatures by 2050.These higher average temperatures will likely increase the number of very hot days in the province as well as the number of fire danger days. In addition these higher average temperatures will likely increase evaporation rates and may reduce agricultural outputs in KwaZulu-Natal, and may harm water and food security in KwaZulu-Natal.These have increased in frequency and intensity over the past year
887Cities 202137261City of PietermaritzburgSouth AfricaAfrica2. Climate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards2.1Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact.7Flood and sea level rise > Flash / surface floodYesHighHighIncreased risk to already vulnerable populationsCommercial; Emergency services; Environment, biodiversity, forestry; Industrial; Land use planning; Residential; Society / community & cultureOther, please specify: Communities living in flood prone areasDecreasingIncreasingMediumShort-term (by 2025)Taken from the KZN climate change strategy: KwaZulu-Natal has the highest flooding event risk of any province in South Africa. While there is uncertainty around future changes in annual average rainfall in KwaZulu-Natal, increases in rainfall intensity and variability are projected and these hydrological factors are like to result in increases in the frequency and severity of flooding events in KwaZulu-Natal.Although these do not occur very frequently, during periods of heavy rainfall , flash floods are a major threat / concern especially with regards to settlements located in low lying areas
888Cities 202137261City of PietermaritzburgSouth AfricaAfrica2. Climate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards2.1Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact.8Extreme hot temperature > Heat waveYesHighMedium HighIncreased demand for healthcare services; Increased incidence and prevalence of disease and illness; Increased resource demand; Increased risk to already vulnerable populationsEmergency services; Food & agriculture; Public healthChildren & youth; Elderly; Marginalized groups; Persons living in sub-standard housingIncreasingIncreasingMediumImmediatelytaken from the KZN climate change strategy: If concerted efforts are not made to cut greenhouse gas emissions most of KwaZulu-Natal is projected to experience an increase in annual average temperatures of 1.5 to 2 °C compared to baseline temperatures by 2050.These higher average temperatures will likely increase the number of very hot days in the province as well as the number of fire danger days. In addition these higher average temperatures will likely increase evaporation rates and may reduce agricultural outputs in KwaZulu-Natal, and may harm water and food security in KwaZulu-NatalCurrently, temperatures have been extremely high in Pietermaritzburg over prolonged periods of time
889Cities 202137261City of PietermaritzburgSouth AfricaAfrica2. Climate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards2.1Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact.9Biological hazards > Insect infestationYesMedium LowHighFluctuating socio-economic conditions; Increased resource demand; Increased risk to already vulnerable populationsFood & agricultureIndigenous population; Other, please specify: the extent of the pest infection is currently unknown, however, due to the temperature variations experienced recently, there have been a number of incidents reported of pest / insect activityDo not knowIncreasingMediumImmediatelyAn outbreak of fall armyworms that has attacked maize plants might spread to sugarcane in KwaZulu-Natal, where a warm climate would help the pest survive through the year Food security experts believe small-scale farmers will be the most effected by the infestation and spread of the fall armyworm in KZN. Experts say many sugarcane farmers – who form the core of the local farming industry – are unable to afford the pesticides required to contain the worm once it’s been detected, which could increase its chances of spreading further.The armyworms, which arrived in west Africa from the Americas early in 2016, spread south through Zambia and Zimbabwe before arriving in Africa’s biggest producer of maize. The alien pest, confirmed in SA in February, has already spread to all nine provinces, including eastern KwaZulu-Natal, where the bulk of cane is grown.
890Cities 202137261City of PietermaritzburgSouth AfricaAfrica2. Climate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards2.1Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact.10Storm and wind > Storm surgeYesMedium HighHighIncreased demand for healthcare services; Increased incidence and prevalence of disease and illness; Increased risk to already vulnerable populations; Population displacementEmergency services; Environment, biodiversity, forestry; Land use planning; Public health; Residential; Water supply & sanitationChildren & youth; Elderly; Persons living in sub-standard housing; Persons with disabilitiesIncreasingIncreasingMediumImmediatelyincreasing in intensity by decreasing in frequency
891Cities 202142120City of SalvadorBrazilLatin America2. Climate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards2.1Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact.1Mass movement > LandslideYesMedium HighMedium HighFluctuating socio-economic conditions; Increased demand for public services; Increased resource demand; Increased risk to already vulnerable populations; Population displacementEmergency services; Energy; Land use planning; Public health; Residential; Tourism; Transport; Waste management; Water supply & sanitationElderly; Low-income households; Marginalized groups; Persons living in sub-standard housing; Unemployed personsDecreasingIncreasingMedium HighShort-term (by 2025)Os deslizamentos ocorreram desde a fundação de Salvador, tornando-se cada vez mais recorrentes em função de diversos fatores, tais como: aumento da migração na década de 50, devido ao crescimento econômico de Salvador e consequente valorização do solo urbano; solos instáveis como massapé; as restrições geológico-geotécnicas; uso e ocupação inadequada do solo. Além desses fatores, é importante destacar a questão do desmatamento, que causa erosão, e do lixo despejado nos morros, que causa excesso de peso nas estruturas do solo. Todos os anos há chuvas intensas no inverno. Em 2015, ocorreu uma tragédia em que 15 pessoas morreram em um deslizamento de terra em um bairro pobre de Salvador. Desde então, a prefeitura tem intensificado os esforços para reduzir o impacto dos eventos climáticos e envolver a comunidade local. No entanto, ainda existem muitos desafios devido à falta de recursos humanos e materiais, falta de apoio de algumas lideranças locais devido a orientações políticas contrárias ao atual governo e dificuldade de acesso a algumas áreas devido à sua precariedade. No futuro próximo, as chuvas fortes continuarão a impactar os moradores urbanos informais, devido à rápida expansão urbana e à topografia peculiar de Salvador.A partir do mapeamento realizado, é possível observar que o maior nível de ameaça de deslizamento concentra-se na porção sul da cidade de Salvador, diminuindo à medida que se aproxima de áreas mais ao norte. A análise temporal indica uma tendência de redução do nível de ameaça ao longo dos períodos analisados, e em 2030 espera-se que mais áreas estejam sob ameaça alta e muito alta em comparação com 2100.
892Cities 202142120City of SalvadorBrazilLatin America2. Climate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards2.1Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact.2Flood and sea level rise > Flash / surface floodYesMedium HighMedium HighIncreased demand for public services; Increased incidence and prevalence of disease and illness; Increased resource demand; Increased risk to already vulnerable populations; Population displacementCommercial; Emergency services; Public health; Residential; Tourism; Transport; Waste managementElderly; Low-income households; Marginalized groups; Persons living in sub-standard housing; Persons with chronic diseases; Persons with disabilitiesIncreasingIncreasingHighMedium-term (2026-2050)Embora o período 1976-2099 apresente tendências de redução (p <0,05) na precipitação total anual e dias consecutivos com chuvas acima de 25 mm, cerca de 81 e 40% dos anos no mesmo período apresentam precipitação total anual ≥ 1000 mm e mais de 10 dias consecutivos com chuvas acima de 25 mm, respectivamente. Além disso, as estimativas mostram que aproximadamente 67% dos anos entre 1976-2099 mostram precipitação máxima anual em um dia maior que 50 mm. O mapa de risco de inundação para a cidade mostra que boa parte do território, e consequentemente a população, poderão sofrer com o aumento do risco de inundações, sendo isso apontando para os anos de 2030, 2050 e 2100.
893Cities 202142120City of SalvadorBrazilLatin America2. Climate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards2.1Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact.3Water Scarcity > DroughtNoLowLowFluctuating socio-economic conditions; Increased conflict and/or crime; Increased demand for healthcare services; Increased demand for public services; Increased resource demand; Increased risk to already vulnerable populations; Population displacementEmergency services; Energy; Environment, biodiversity, forestry; Food & agriculture; Law & order; Public health; Residential; Tourism; Water supply & sanitationChildren & youth; Elderly; Low-income households; Marginalized groups; Persons living in sub-standard housing; Women & girlsIncreasingIncreasingMedium HighMedium-term (2026-2050)Os mananciais que abastecem a cidade estão fora dos limites municipais, e com a escassez de chuvas e falta de água nos reservatórios, existe tanto uma questão logística de trazer água de outras regiões quanto uma questão ambiental / social de ter menos água disponível para o população.A seca meteorológica é uma das ameaças que podem afetar direta e indiretamente a população e o sistema de abastecimento de Salvador. As análises indicam que, ao longo dos anos, os problemas relacionados ao déficit hídrico tendem a se acentuar, estando a região da Barragem da Pedra do Cavalo mais exposta a níveis altos e / ou muito altos de ameaça de seca em 2030, 2050 e 2100. Tal fator pode estar relacionado à tendência de redução das chuvas ao longo dos anos. Assim, a falta de precipitação tende a aumentar a área de seca meteorológica, afetando principalmente o entorno de Salvador.Os fatores que intensificam o risco passam a ser a exposição e vulnerabilidade da população. Nesse caso, a condição de déficit habitacional, juntamente com as concentrações populacionais, são os maiores determinantes na definição das áreas de maior risco. A renda é um fator especialmente importante para a capacidade de adaptação relacionada à seca, uma vez que a taxa de oferta auxilia na capacidade adaptativa da população e, consequentemente, na redução de sua vulnerabilidade.O mapa de risco de seca meteorológica indica que a parte do território de Salvador localizada nas regiões sudoeste, oeste e noroeste serão as regiões de maior risco.
894Cities 202142120City of SalvadorBrazilLatin America2. Climate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards2.1Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact.4Extreme Precipitation > Rain stormYesHighMedium HighFluctuating socio-economic conditions; Increased demand for public services; Increased incidence and prevalence of disease and illness; Increased resource demand; Increased risk to already vulnerable populationsCommercial; Emergency services; Food & agriculture; Public health; Residential; Tourism; Transport; Waste management; Water supply & sanitationElderly; Low-income households; Marginalized groups; Persons living in sub-standard housingIncreasingIncreasingHighShort-term (by 2025)O município de Salvador possui clima de floresta tropical úmida na Mata Atlântica, com alta umidade relativa, baixa amplitude térmica ao longo do ano devido tanto à sua proximidade com o mar quanto à sua localização nos trópicos e baixa variabilidade temporal da precipitação ao longo do ano. Salvador já sofre com eventos extremos diários de chuva. Em abril de 2020, por exemplo, a cidade registrou, em um dia, 1/3 da chuva esperada para o mês, o que significa cerca de 100mm. A análise mostra uma tendência de redução das chuvas na cidade de Salvador nas séries temporais analisadas e aponta para um aumento da variabilidade interanual, ou seja, anos de excesso de chuvas são projetados muito acima do normal atual e anos de déficit de chuvas muito abaixo do normal. Pelas projeções, os períodos de dias consecutivos sem chuva serão mais longos, assim como os períodos consecutivos com chuva serão mais curtos. Os modelos indicam que os eventos extremos diários de chuva ocorrerão com acúmulos crescentes. Ressalta-se que as projeções de 5 dias de chuva acumulados mostram um aumento ao longo do século XXI, tornando as áreas da parte alta do município de Salvador mais vulneráveis a deslizamentos, visto que existem declives acentuados.
895Cities 202142120City of SalvadorBrazilLatin America2. Climate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards2.1Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact.5Extreme hot temperature > Heat waveNoMediumMedium LowFluctuating socio-economic conditions; Increased demand for healthcare services; Increased demand for public services; Increased risk to already vulnerable populationsCommercial; Education; Emergency services; Environment, biodiversity, forestry; Food & agriculture; Public health; Residential; Tourism; Transport; Water supply & sanitationChildren & youth; Elderly; Low-income households; Marginalized groups; Persons living in sub-standard housingIncreasingIncreasingMedium HighShort-term (by 2025)Ao analisar o mapa de ameaça de onda de calor, resultado do modelo climático utilizado para ameaça de onda de calor para o período histórico e para os anos 2030, 2050 e 2100, nota-se que os resultados indicam um aumento do nível de ameaça de ondas de calor em todos os cenários, intensificando-se progressivamente em Salvador.Os fatores que intensificam o risco são a exposição e vulnerabilidade da população. Neste caso, a condição de déficit habitacional, juntamente com as concentrações de população sensível (crianças e idosos), principalmente nas áreas menos arborizadas, são os maiores determinantes na definição das áreas de maior risco. A renda é um fator especialmente importante na capacidade de adaptação relativamente às ondas de calor, pois permite a adoção de tecnologias que podem reduzir o risco. Além disso, o acesso aos sistemas de saúde foi considerado uma capacidade adaptativa, visto que quanto maior o acesso a esses serviços, melhor preparada estará a região para reduzir os impactos na saúde da população devido aos picos de temperatura, bem como às áreas verdes, desde a proximidade de essas áreas podem ser entendidas como um fator que reduz a temperatura local.O mapa do índice de risco de ondas de calor indica que boa parte do território, e consequentemente a população, pode sofrer com o aumento do risco de ondas de calor, sendo este apontado para os anos de 2030, 2050 e 2100. O mapa do risco crítico, que aponta as áreas mais críticas em relação ao risco de onda de calor aponta que quase todas as prefeituras têm risco elevado.
896Cities 202142120City of SalvadorBrazilLatin America2. Climate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards2.1Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact.6Biological hazards > Vector-borne diseaseYesMedium HighHighFluctuating socio-economic conditions; Increased demand for healthcare services; Increased demand for public services; Increased incidence and prevalence of disease and illness; Increased risk to already vulnerable populationsEducation; Public health; Residential; Society / community & culture; Waste managementChildren & youth; Elderly; Low-income households; Persons living in sub-standard housing; Women & girlsIncreasingIncreasingMedium HighShort-term (by 2025)Toda a população da cidade de Salvador está sujeita, em algum grau, à ameaça de contrair doenças transmitidas pelo Aedes aegypti, dada a capacidade de dispersão e a taxa de surto de vetores de transmissão de doenças. Ressalta-se que nas análises realizadas, o clima foi tratado como fator condicionante para a ocorrência do vetor, e no combate aos focos de acúmulo de água, ou seja, locais propícios para a criação do mosquito transmissor da doença, a melhor forma de evitar a proliferação da doença.Pelos resultados é possível observar um aumento da ameaça da proliferação do Aedes aegypti em todo o território de Salvador em todos os períodos analisados. Nota-se que a ameaça no período histórico concentra-se no leste de Salvador, no litoral próximo ao Oceano Atlântico, e para as projeções de 2030, 2050 e 2100, a ameaça é crescente, penetrando quase todo o território.Os fatores que intensificam o risco são a exposição e vulnerabilidade da população. Neste caso, em termos de sensibilidade, a condição de déficit habitacional, a par das concentrações de população sensível (crianças e idosos), a falta de acesso ao abastecimento, o reduzido índice de recolha de lixo e a proximidade de terrenos baldios são os factores fortalecer a definição das áreas de maior risco. Em termos de capacidade adaptativa, a renda, as taxas de alfabetização de mulheres com mais de 15 anos e o acesso ao sistema de saúde são fatores que contribuem para reduzir a vulnerabilidade da população.
897Cities 202142120City of SalvadorBrazilLatin America2. Climate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards2.1Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact.7Flood and sea level rise > Coastal floodNoDoes not currently impact the cityLowFluctuating socio-economic conditions; Increased conflict and/or crime; Increased demand for public services; Increased resource demand; Increased risk to already vulnerable populations; Loss of tax base to support public services; Loss of traditional jobs; Population displacementCommercial; Emergency services; Environment, biodiversity, forestry; Industrial; Land use planning; Residential; Society / community & culture; Tourism; TransportLow-income households; Marginalized groups; Persons living in sub-standard housingIncreasingIncreasingMedium HighLong-term (after 2050)As áreas mais impactadas pela elevação do nível do mar em Salvador são:1) A Ilha dos Frades é alcançada em planícies desocupadas. A Ilha de Maré, por sua vez, é identificada como totalmente exposta à elevação do nível do mar, que deve afetar diretamente suas áreas ocupadas / urbanizadas, todas localizadas no litoral ao longo da ilha. Embora seja uma área de pequena população, o tamanho do território afetado é bastante expressivo, o que torna esta região uma das mais impactadas pela dinâmica, que já está em andamento, embora lentamente diante de outras urgências.2) A região do Paripe é alcançada em uma área de urbanização consolidada e de ocupação predominantemente horizontal. Apesar da baixa densidade da região, trata-se de uma área considerável de área urbana desenvolvida e ocupada, com maior grau de vulnerabilidade devido à baixa renda da população, que pode ser mais gravemente afetada em situações de risco.3) A Península de Itapagipe tem boa parte de seu litoral afetado pelo aumento do nível do mar - que é composto em grande parte por ocupações via aterros. Esta é uma das áreas com impacto mais significativo em todo o município, devido ao padrão de ocupação consolidado, à dimensão da população e à quantidade de actividades não residenciais alcançadas e ao significado simbólico-cultural da área para a cidade. É também uma região altamente sensível ao risco de expulsão da população de baixa renda devido ao impacto das intervenções de adequação da infraestrutura, que podem se constituir em um processo de desestruturação social que gera impactos em toda a cidade.4) A próxima região ao sul segue a orla e vai da Feira de São Joaquim ao Mercado Modelo. O impacto nesta área também é muito elevado devido à sua densidade construtiva e à existência de grandes equipamentos de infraestrutura, de extrema importância para a cidade, nas áreas diretamente afetadas. Existe também uma oportunidade significativa para a solução construtiva ser pensada em termos convergentes com o pensamento urbanístico em vigor por parte do poder público municipal, de valorização da região através da instalação de secretarias municipais de bairro.5) A última grande região compreende o litoral mais apropriado pela população devido às suas praias, impactando no turismo e no emprego.
898Cities 202142123City of GoiâniaBrazilLatin America2. Climate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards2.1Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact.1Storm and wind > Tropical stormNoLowLowIncreased demand for healthcare services; Increased demand for public services; Increased incidence and prevalence of disease and illnessEnergy; Transport; Waste management; Water supply & sanitationLow-income households; Persons living in sub-standard housingDo not knowDo not knowDo not knowShort-term (by 2025)Goiânia had its development accelerated and disorderly, as well as a meager investment in policies for sustainable development. These factors cause the rainy season to bring diverse problems, such as: floods, tree and power outages, impaired water supplies, congestion, pollution of water sources. Following this, there is a proliferation of endemic diseases (Dengue and others) and increased demand for medical services.
899Cities 202142123City of GoiâniaBrazilLatin America2. Climate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards2.1Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact.2Water Scarcity > DroughtYesMedium HighMediumIncreased demand for public services; Increased resource demandEnvironment, biodiversity, forestry; Public health; Water supply & sanitationChildren & youth; Elderly; Low-income householdsIncreasingIncreasingMediumMedium-term (2026-2050)The dry climate of Goiania coupled with high temperatures worsens the concentration of GHGs. This conjunction of factors greatly contributes to the worsening of the quality of life of its inhabitants. The poor quality of the air generates, especially at that time, numerous respiratory diseases in the population, substantially increasing the demand for medical services. The drought still compromises water supply and sanitation services, as well as causing the fires.
900Cities 202142123City of GoiâniaBrazilLatin America2. Climate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards2.1Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact.3Chemical change > Atmospheric CO2 concentrationsYesHighHighIncreased demand for healthcare services; Increased incidence and prevalence of disease and illnessEnergy; Environment, biodiversity, forestry; Public healthChildren & youth; Elderly; Marginalized groupsIncreasingIncreasingHighShort-term (by 2025)The accelerated growth of Goiânia, together with the increase in the number of vehicles, as well as the scarce investment in policies aimed at sustainable development, increases the emission of GHGs and in many cases contributes to the worsening of air quality indexes. In this city of more than 1 million inhabitants this scenario promotes the formation of heat islands, generating even more pollution, leading to the proliferation of diseases and consequent increase in the demand for health services.

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created Dec 23 2021

updated Dec 23 2021

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The dataset contains 2021 data on cities' climate hazards, reported by cities through the CDP-ICLEI Unified Reporting System in response to question 2.1 (" Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity.") in the 2021 Cities questionnaire. View cities questionnaire guidance at https://www.cdp.net/en/guidance/guidance-for-cities. Please contact cities@cdp.net if you have any questions.
This data is collected through the CDP-ICLEI Unified Reporting System. When using this data, please cite both organisations using the following wording: ‘This data was collected in partnership by CDP and ICLEI - Local Governments for Sustainability’.
For further guidance on how to reference this data for use in external publications, please refer to the Open Data Portal Terms of Use available on the homepage.

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