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2016 - Citywide Emissions, Map
This is a map based on 2016 - Citywide GHG Emissions.
| Row number | Account Number | City Name | Country | City Short Name | C40 | Reporting Year | Measurement Year | Primary Methodology | Methodology Details | Total City-wide Emissions (metric tonnes CO2e) | Increase/Decrease from last year | Reason for increase/decrease in emissions | Current Population Year | Current Population | City Location | Country Location |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 54650 | Prefeitura de Palmas | Brazil | Palmas | 2016 | 12/31/2013 12:00:00 | Global Protocol for Community-Scale Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventories (GPC), (WRI, C40 and ICLEI) | O diagnóstico qualitativo das informações complementa a avaliação quantitativa. | 625391.59 | This is our first year of calculation | 2015 | 272726 | (-10.249091°, -48.324286°) | (-14.235004°, -51.92528°) | ||
| 2 | 59996 | Batangas City | Philippines | Batangas | 2016 | 12/20/2010 12:00:00 | 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories | 457288 | 2015 | 332458 | (13.756465°, 121.058308°) | (12.879721°, 121.774017°) | ||||
| 3 | 55179 | City of Okayama | Japan | Okayama | 2016 | 03/31/2013 12:00:00 | Other | 6916000 | 2015 | 705917 | (34.655146°, 133.919502°) | (36.204824°, 138.252924°) | ||||
| 4 | 57616 | City of Lake Forest, IL | USA | Lake Forest, IL | 2016 | 12/31/2007 12:00:00 | U.S. Community Protocol for Accounting and Reporting of Greenhouse Gas Emissions (ICLEI) | 402364 | This is our first year of calculation | 2010 | 19375 | (42.258634°, -87.840625°) | (37.09024°, -95.712891°) | |||
| 5 | 58627 | City of Alton, IL | USA | Alton, IL | 2016 | 12/31/2013 12:00:00 | Global Protocol for Community-Scale Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventories (GPC), (WRI, C40 and ICLEI) | 401079 | This is our first year of calculation | 2015 | 26581 | (38.890604°, -90.184276°) | (37.09024°, -95.712891°) | |||
| 6 | 54070 | City of Eugene | USA | Eugene | 2016 | 12/31/2005 12:00:00 | U.S. Community Protocol for Accounting and Reporting of Greenhouse Gas Emissions (ICLEI) | Used the community GHG accounting tool available from ICLEI at the time (2006/2007) | 1250000 | Decreased | Reductions in vehicle miles travelled, reduced manufacturing locally, warmer winters. | 2013 | 151190 | (44.0519°, -123.0867°) | (37.09024°, -95.712891°) | |
| 7 | 35858 | City of Cape Town | South Africa | Cape Town | C40 | 2016 | 12/31/2012 12:00:00 | Global Protocol for Community-Scale Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventories (GPC), (WRI, C40 and ICLEI) | During 2014 the City updated its energy profile and released a State of Energy Report in 2015 (based on 2012 data year). All data provided in this CDP submission is based on this report. The process includes: A baseline data collection was collected from the following 5 sectors. Residential Sector: disaggregated according to electrified and non-electrified by income category. Commercial Sector: including retail and office buildings, tourism activities, education facilities, hospitals, and other non-industrial activities. Industrial Sector: disaggregated into textiles, food and beverages, non-food manufacturing sub-sectors and other industrial activities. Local Government: all municipal operations, namely council buildings, street and traffic lights, water and wastewater treatment works and municipal vehicle fleet. Transport Sector: disaggregated into freight, private vehicle and public transport (bus,minibus taxi and train) The City's GHG account/inventory for its most recent State of Energy Report (Report released in 2015 based on 2012 data year) is based on the Global Protocol for Community-Scale Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reporting Draft v2 (GPC). Emissions factors draw on those of the IPCC (web based and regularly updated) for South Africa, as well as Eskom for local electricity emissions factors. In the Cape Town GPC summary table provided, Scope 1 includes all emissions that physically take place within the Cape Town area. This includes liquid fuels consumed and coal. Even if that liquid fuel is moved out of the area, it is still accounted for as per point of sale. This scope includes the emissions from Ankerlig and Acacia power stations (Energy supplied to the grid - territorial); but these are removed in the final balance for Cape Town as per protocol (this is accounted for within national electricity production accounts of Eskom). Scope 2 includes emissions from electricity produced elsewhere in the country, but consumed in Cape Town. This column accounts for the majority of these emissions, but a small portion are recorded in Scope 3, reflecting that component of the emissions factor that relates to Transmission and distribution (i.e. from power station to municipal boundary; and amounting to 0.04 of the 1.03 emissions factor). Also included within the category energy industries is the municipal distribution losses. | 22643846 | Decreased | The City of Cape Town does not update its emissions inventory annually, but rather in a process linked to the update of its entire energy profile, which takes place every 4-5 years. In comparison to its last full inventory data (2007), Cape Town's emissions have decreased due to an increase in electricity efficiency between the reporting years (2007 and 2012). | 2014 | 3918830 | (-33.9253°, 18.4239°) | (-30.559482°, 22.937506°) |
| 8 | 31154 | Bogotá Distrito Capital | Colombia | Bogotá | C40 | 2016 | 12/31/2015 12:00:00 | 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories | The IPCC guidelines in 2006 for GHG inventories, specifically for modules: energy, industrial processes and products use, waste and forestry module and land uses. | 12359324.53 | Decreased | Emissions for Energy sector in 2015 are reduced because the projection is from the emissions inventory for 2012 , because the emission factor has a high confidence in compración to that used in 2008. GHG emissions in the waste sector decreased because the mitigation measures as burning torch and recovery of biogas for energy self-generation are implemented. Emissions of greenhouse gases have increased for the ASUS sector compared to 2014, because they were projected of the emissions inventory of greenhouse gases of the year 2008, from growth data of the bovine population, ecological structure principal, agriculture in Cundinamarca, and production of products of wood, which have an increasing trend over time. | 2015 | 7878783 | (4.598056°, -74.075833°) | (4.570868°, -74.297333°) |
| 9 | 36037 | Santiago de Cali | Colombia | Santiago de Cali | 2016 | 12/31/2010 12:00:00 | 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories | 4174608 | 2015 | 2369829 | (3.451647°, -76.531985°) | (4.570868°, -74.297333°) | ||||
| 10 | 35863 | City of Durban | South Africa | Durban | C40 | 2016 | 12/31/2014 12:00:00 | Global Protocol for Community-Scale Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventories (GPC), (WRI, C40 and ICLEI) | 22587081 | Increased | Due to better data collection and addressing data gaps. | 2015 | 3555868 | (-29.8586804°, 31.0218404°) | (-30.559482°, 22.937506°) | |
| 11 | 14874 | City of Portland, OR | USA | Portland, OR | C40 | 2016 | 12/31/2014 12:00:00 | U.S. Community Protocol for Accounting and Reporting of Greenhouse Gas Emissions (ICLEI) | 6974544 | Decreased | 2014 | 619360 | (45.52°, -122.6819°) | (37.09024°, -95.712891°) | ||
| 12 | 49386 | City of Hiroshima | Japan | Hiroshima | 2016 | 03/31/2014 12:00:00 | Other | 環境省のマニュアル | 8675437 | 2015 | 1191030 | (34.385203°, 132.455293°) | (36.204824°, 138.252924°) | |||
| 13 | 54408 | Aarhus Kommune | Denmark | Aarhus Kommune | 2016 | 01/01/2016 12:00:00 | Other | CO2-beregneren (National guideline for municipalities) | 1900 | 2016 | 320000 | (56.168393°, 10.137373°) | (56.26392°, 9.501785°) | |||
| 14 | 58609 | City of Ærøskøbing | Denmark | City of Ærøskøbing | 2016 | 12/31/2015 12:00:00 | Other | 225 | Decreased | More renewable energi. | 2015 | 6200 | (54.891456°, 10.404684°) | (56.26392°, 9.501785°) | ||
| 15 | 50220 | Métropole Nice Côte d'Azur | France | Nice Côte d'Azur | 2016 | 12/31/2010 12:00:00 | Other | Bilan Carbone | 3352154 | 2015 | 550000 | (43.710173°, 7.261953°) | (46.227638°, 2.213749°) | |||
| 16 | 59595 | City of Brisbane, CA | USA | Brisbane, CA | 2016 | 05/01/2016 12:00:00 | International Emissions Analysis Protocol (ICLEI) | 148025 | Decreased | There was a 10% reduction between 2005 and 2010 | 2015 | 4603 | (37.6808°, -122.4°) | (37.09024°, -95.712891°) | ||
| 17 | 54443 | Landeshauptstadt Magdeburg | Germany | Landeshauptstadt Magdeburg | 2016 | 12/31/2012 12:00:00 | Other | Software ECORegion smart from the Climate Alliance | 1400000 | 2015 | 238000 | (52.08889°, 11.586164°) | (51.165691°, 10.451526°) | |||
| 18 | 31175 | City of Paris | France | Paris | C40 | 2016 | 12/31/2014 12:00:00 | Global Protocol for Community-Scale Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventories (GPC), (WRI, C40 and ICLEI) | 5195663 | Decreased | Thanks to Paris' climate change policy especially on sustainable mobility, social housing retrofitting, etc... | 2015 | 2265886 | (48.856614°, 2.3522219°) | (46.227638°, 2.213749°) | |
| 19 | 58310 | City of Roanoke | USA | Roanoke | 2016 | 01/01/2015 12:00:00 | U.S. Community Protocol for Accounting and Reporting of Greenhouse Gas Emissions (ICLEI) | ICLEI Clean Air and Climate Protection Software | 1971679 | Decreased | The city uses a 2005 baseline and the community emissions have decreased 13.5%. In 2014 emissions are down 4% from 2013. The primary driver of this loss is the reduction of coal in the electric fuel mix. | 2013 | 98465 | (37.271°, -79.9414°) | (37.09024°, -95.712891°) | |
| 20 | 44132 | Bornova Municipality | Turkey | Bornova | 2016 | 12/31/2011 12:00:00 | Other | 758627 | This is our first year of calculation | 2012 | 416007 | (35.2141598°, 33.2947541°) | (38.963745°, 35.243322°) | |||
| 21 | 31155 | City of Buenos Aires | Argentina | Buenos Aires | C40 | 2016 | 12/31/2014 12:00:00 | Global Protocol for Community-Scale Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventories (GPC), (WRI, C40 and ICLEI) | The GHG emissions are calculated by the Buenos Aires EPA Climate Change team using, primarily, IPCC methodology and reporting based on the city-induced framework of the GCP protocol. The city has already completed the BASIC approach. | 19667128 | Decreased | Due to the city mitigation actions, the city´s total GHG emissions have decreased compared to last year. It may be explained, among others factors, because of improvement of the mitigation measures in the Waste Sector: new technologies which have been implemented in order to reduce the volume of waste disposed in landfills. Even though, during 2014, the city recorded the longest heat wave in its history, which has led to an increase in energy consumption for air conditioning and in general a higher residential use of electricity; however, the reductions in the 2014 inventory were achieved by the diminution on natural gas consumption as well as the reductions done in the waste sector, which in the end managed to diminish the impact of electricity energy subsector. Regarding transport sector, the City has sold little bit less fuel than last year, which is shown in a small decreases of the sector's emissions. Regarding the evolution of total GHG emissions in the period 2000 - 2014, an increase of 17% is observed. However, in the last 10 years (2005- 2014),the increase was 13%. After the implementation of the Action Plan, is relevant to compare the current level of emissions with those prior to the Plan, in 2008. Emissions in 2014 increased only 1.5% compared to 2008. | 2015 | 3054267 | (-34.6037232°, -58.3815931°) | (-38.416097°, -63.616672°) |
| 22 | 32480 | City of Adelaide | Australia | Adelaide | 2016 | 06/30/2013 12:00:00 | Global Protocol for Community-Scale Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventories (GPC), (WRI, C40 and ICLEI) | 486541 | Decreased | Reduction in electricity consumption, a reduction in the greenhouse gas intensity of the state electricity grid and a change in methodology used for estimating transport inventories. | 2015 | 23169 | (-34.928499°, 138.600746°) | (-25.274398°, 133.775136°) | ||
| 23 | 43928 | Canberra | Australia | Canberra | 2016 | 06/30/2015 12:00:00 | 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories | The ACT Government receives disaggregated national data each year from the Australian Government which is consistent with the IPCC guidelines. However, the ACT Government is required to record its own electricity, gas and transport data as this is not provided by the national government at the ACT scale. | 4003900 | Increased | The ACT emissions have increased by 4.6% since the last inventory. This is largely due to two external factors. The first is the National repeal of the carbon price, which saw a higher percentage of supplied energy come from fossil fuels, increasing the emissions factor for the electricity grid despite the ACT’s own renewable energy coming online. The second was a below average minimum winter temperatures which are linked to more days requiring heating for households. The slight increase in demand for electricity, coupled with the increased emission factor saw a spike in emissions from the electricity sector compared to last year. | 2016 | 400000 | (-35.3075°, 149.1244°) | (-25.274398°, 133.775136°) | |
| 24 | 31109 | City of Melbourne | Australia | Melbourne | C40 | 2016 | 06/30/2015 12:00:00 | Global Protocol for Community-Scale Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventories (GPC), (WRI, C40 and ICLEI) | City of Melbourne includes the emissions sources categorised in the GPC. Emissions sources are converted to CO2e using the emissions factors listed in the Australian National Greenhouse Accounts. * Electricity, gas and water data was provided directly by the utility companies. * Emissions from private vehicle use were estimated using a transport model built by Council which incorporates data from twice yearly traffic surveys and data on vehicle use collected by the Australian Bureau of Statistics. *The amount of waste produced within the municipality was estimated from a waste survey commissioned by Council and conducted in 2012. *Water-borne emissions were included from a private study commissioned by the Port Authority in 2012. | 4372420 | Decreased | 2013/14 BASIC (including Scope 3 emissions) totals 5,299,572 tCO2e compared to 2014/15 BASIC (including Scope 3 emissions) 5,268,410 tCO2e. This represents a total change of -0.59%. Despite electricity consumption decreasing in the municipality leading to lower scope 2 emissions, scope 1 and 3 emissions have increased. Over this time, the population has increased by 4.96%. | 2016 | 137889 | (-37.814107°, 144.96328°) | (-25.274398°, 133.775136°) |
| 25 | 31165 | Stadt Heidelberg | Germany | Stadt Heidelberg | C40 | 2016 | 12/31/2011 12:00:00 | Other | Institut für Energie- und Umweltforschung Heidelberg GmbH | 879900 | Decreased | Emissions decreased from 1987 until 2009 Emissions increased from 2009 until 2011 | 2014 | 144948 | (49.398752°, 8.672434°) | (51.165691°, 10.451526°) |
| 26 | 31149 | City of Athens | Greece | Athens | C40 | 2016 | 12/31/2014 12:00:00 | Global Protocol for Community-Scale Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventories (GPC), (WRI, C40 and ICLEI) | 4711576 | This is our first year of calculation | It is the first an inventory has been developed using the GPC Standard. Previous inventory did not use this methodology so the data cannot be compared. | 2011 | 664046 | (37.98381°, 23.727539°) | (39.074208°, 21.824312°) | |
| 27 | 31114 | City of Sydney | Australia | Sydney | C40 | 2016 | 06/30/2015 12:00:00 | Global Protocol for Community-Scale Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventories (GPC), (WRI, C40 and ICLEI) | Traditionally the City of Sydney has calculated city-wide GHG emissions based on the CCAP reporting tool by Kinesis - a private consultancy commissioned by the City. Recently the City has also developed GPC BASIC inventories for the 2005/06, 2013/14 and 2014/15 years to be compliant with the Compact of Mayors. The GPC BASIC inventories show lower emissions compared with inventories based on the CCAP tool due to different methodologies and emissions sources. Future year’s reports may be subject to change as the City of Sydney will be updating its inventories in the short term for achieving beyond GPC BASIC compliance. | 3556529 | Decreased | City of Sydney emissions have decreased due to cleaning of the grid, increased network costs leading to greater awareness and behaviour change (indicating there is some price elasticity in electricity consumption), improved energy efficiency, uptake of solar PV installations and weather influences. | 2015 | 205339 | (-33.8674869°, 151.2069902°) | (-25.274398°, 133.775136°) |
| 28 | 42123 | City of Goiânia | Brazil | Goiânia | 2016 | 12/31/2010 12:00:00 | Other | The Protocol for Global Community - Scale GHG Emissions (GPC 2012) was used as standard for the categorization and allocation of emissions and aggregation of results. The GPC consists of a compilation of guidelines for the preparation of municipal inventories of GHG emissions. The GPC 2012 shares the terminology of various international programs reporting of emissions, including the C40 Cities Climate Leadership Group, the International Local Government GHG Emissions Analysis Protocol (IEAP-ICLEI) and the GHG Protocol Corporate Accounting and Reporting Standard. Moreover, GPC 2012 converses directly with the IPCC 2006 Guidelines for National GHG Inventories. Aiming at a broad identification of emission sources and the establishment of a flow of information necessary for the completion of this study, four teams were created themes, being: stationary units, mobile units, and waste, industrial processes and product uses. The teams were grouped in four thematic workshops held between 26 and 27 June 2012 at the Administrative Center of the city of Goiania. During the implementation of these workshops were identified institutions and those responsible for sending the information necessary for calculations of emissions of greenhouse gases in the municipality. For calculations of GHG emissions used the IPCC Inventory Software (IIS) version 2.0, a software developed and provided by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). The data were placed on the software as a correspondence between GPC and IPCC categories, except in the case of the activities of electricity consumption (scope 2 emissions, the GPC category that has no corresponding IPCC - these emissions have been included in Section 5 - other). Another category that deserves observation refers to the disposal of solid waste in landfills. For this category we used the GPC, which allocates all expected emissions inventory in the year in which the waste is landfilled, IIS was not used for the calculation of this emission source. | 2016320 | 2010 | 2173141 | (-16.6868912°, -49.2647943°) | (-14.235004°, -51.92528°) | |||
| 29 | 35848 | Municipality of Belo Horizonte | Brazil | Belo Horizonte | 2016 | 12/31/2013 12:00:00 | Global Protocol for Community-Scale Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventories (GPC), (WRI, C40 and ICLEI) | GHG emissions by fuel consumption -Different concentrations of biofuels (ethanol and biodiesel) were established by the national authority for the distribution of Automotive Gasoline and Diesel. These concentrations were considered in the calculations and applied to the total of each fuel checked for the municipality, according to regulatory developments in the industry. GHG emissions for electricity consumption - The indirect CO2 emissions per electricity consumption were calculated taking into account the average emission factor of the National Interconnected System in each year of the period considered. GHG emissions per treatment and release of liquid effluents - Belo Horizonte has 4 sewage treatment plants (STP) in operation, which are emitting methane and nitrous oxide.There are a fifth STP that employs physicolchemical processes that do not emit greenhouse gases. A fraction of sewage collected in Belo Horizonte is not forwarded to any treatment plant, being deposited directly into the water body; another fraction of wastewater, which is not collected, it is presumably treated in septic systems (septic tanks), followed by infiltration. GHG emissions by treating municipal solid waste - Landfill - The solids waste generated in Belo Horizonte are taken for disposal in landfill (CTR Macaúbas), where there is no biogas recovery system. It was assumed that 100% of the biogas generated in massive municipal solid waste is released into the atmosphere. A fraction of the waste collected in the city is still willing to massive treatment center CTR-BR-040 in Belo Horizonte, in a separate area where, from 2010, began a system of thermoelectric generation from biogas generated at the landfill. Thus, biogas derived from the ancient massive waste should not be considered in the GHG inventory from 2010. Is it considered only the fraction derived from the provisions in recent separate area and not covered by biogas recovery system. It is worth mentioning that according to this model first-order decay, For purposes of this inventory, we adopted a period of 10 (ten) years as horizon degradation of waste within the massif. Composting - BH also conducts composting for organic waste. These activities take place in the CTRS Rod BR-040 and may incur nitrous oxide and methane. | 3241713 | Increased | Emissions keeps the growth rate of approximately 5% per year, following the trend projected into the 'business as usual' despite of efforts aimed at its reduction made so far | 2015 | 2502557 | (-19.916681°, -43.934493°) | (-14.235004°, -51.92528°) | |
| 30 | 36274 | Comune di Bologna | Italy | Bologna | 2016 | 04/01/2009 12:00:00 | Other | Sustainable Energy Action Plan Guide Line | 2270524.70 | Decreased | Main cause is the economic crisis, secondary are actued mitigation actions | 2014 | 386181 | (44.4856087°, 11.3547975°) | (41.87194°, 12.56738°) | |
| 31 | 31156 | Municipality of Curitiba | Brazil | Curitiba | C40 | 2016 | 12/31/2013 12:00:00 | Global Protocol for Community-Scale Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventories (GPC), (WRI, C40 and ICLEI) | Developed in partnership with ICLEI/URBAN LEDS Project | 3036279 | Increased | The main difference on the increase of GEE emissions is on the energy sector not by an increase of consumption but because of an increse on emission factors due to the use o thermoelectric plants. In 2012 the annual national average emission factor was 0,0653 T/CO 2e by MWh produced, while in 2013 the factor increased by 30% to 0,0963 T/CO2e by MWh produced . | 2010 | 1751907 | (-25.431063°, -49.264693°) | (-14.235004°, -51.92528°) |
| 32 | 50384 | Prefeitura de Florianópolis | Brazil | Florianópolis | 2016 | 12/31/2013 12:00:00 | Global Protocol for Community-Scale Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventories (GPC), (WRI, C40 and ICLEI) | IDOM / COBRAPE / BID /PMF (2014) | 1450465 | Increased | A diferença de emissões entre os anos é de 601.421 tCO2e, ou seja, houve um acréscimo de 42% em 2013 se comparado à 2010. Os setores de maior contribuição foram AFOLU, que deixou de sequestrar 6% e Transportes que passou a emitir 3% a mais. | 2010 | 550000 | (-27.5949884°, -48.5481743°) | (-14.235004°, -51.92528°) | |
| 33 | 35880 | Municipality of Porto Alegre | Brazil | Porto Alegre | 2016 | 12/31/2013 12:00:00 | Global Protocol for Community-Scale Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventories (GPC), (WRI, C40 and ICLEI) | 2829128 | 2010 | 1409351 | (-3.672722°, -45.3831°) | (-14.235004°, -51.92528°) | ||||
| 34 | 31180 | Región Metropolitana de Santiago | Chile | Región Metropolitana de Santiago | C40 | 2016 | 12/31/2013 12:00:00 | 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories | GPC was used for organizing information, while for the estimation of emissions (equations and emission factors) the IPCC guidelines was used. | 23120027.80 | This is our first year of calculation | This is the firs GHG inventory for the Metropolitan Region of Santiago. | 2015 | 7314176 | (-33.44889°, -70.669265°) | (-35.675147°, -71.542969°) |
| 35 | 36518 | Comune di Udine | Italy | Udine | 2016 | 12/31/2013 12:00:00 | Global Protocol for Community-Scale Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventories (GPC), (WRI, C40 and ICLEI) | 613588 | Stayed the same | respect to the baseline of 2006 the GHG emissions decreased of 4% in 2013 | 2013 | 99528 | (46.0667°, 13.2333°) | (41.87194°, 12.56738°) | ||
| 36 | 50578 | City of Windsor | Canada | Windsor | 2016 | 12/31/2014 12:00:00 | International Emissions Analysis Protocol (ICLEI) | 2475703 | Community emissions have decreased by 382,134 tonnes between 2011 and 2014, and by 1,250,176 tonnes. The largest sources of declines were in Industrial emissions and Commercial and Institutional emissions, respectively, and can likely be credited in no small part to efficiency improvements and the Province's shuttering of goal generation in the grid electricity mix | 2011 | 210891 | (42.314937°, -83.036363°) | (56.130366°, -106.346771°) | |||
| 37 | 35872 | Municipality of Recife | Brazil | Recife | 2016 | 12/31/2012 12:00:00 | Global Protocol for Community-Scale Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventories (GPC), (WRI, C40 and ICLEI) | In the first Inventory of GHG Emissions of Recife emissions of carbon dioxide ( CO2 ) , nitrous oxide ( N2O ) and methane ( CH4 ) , issued within the limits of the municipality during the year 2012 were recorded . The greenhouse gas emissions was performed for each type of GHG and converted paw tons of CO2 equivalent ( CO2e ) according to the global warming potentials below: • Carbon dioxide ( CO2 ) = 1 CO2e ; • Methane ( CH4) CO2 e = 21 ; • Nitrous oxide ( N2O ) = 310 CO2e . The methodological approach used in the collection and storage of data was based on the International Protocol for Analysis of Emissions ( EIPA ) . The EIPA Protocol was launched in 2009 by ICLEI in order to promote a specific analysis methodology for local governments , detailing emissions at two levels : government and community. For purposes Rapporteur , the First Emission Inventory of Greenhouse Effect is according to Global Protocol for Communities ( GPC ) , thus the results presented in this paper goes against this global initiative , providing the opportunity for methodological harmonization with other cities around the world . | 1883 | This is our first year of calculation | This is our first inventory. | 2012 | 1555039 | (-8.057838°, -34.882897°) | (-14.235004°, -51.92528°) | |
| 38 | 31176 | Prefeitura do Rio de Janeiro | Brazil | Rio de Janeiro | C40 | 2016 | 12/31/2012 12:00:00 | Global Protocol for Community-Scale Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventories (GPC), (WRI, C40 and ICLEI) | Rio de Janeiro was one of the pilot cities to use the GPC first version. We updated the last inventory (2005) and calculated the new one (2012). We used IPCC 2006 with some adaptations to the local context, following the GPC requirements and procedures. | 20268045 | Increased | The numbers presented here are from the same inventory reported to CDP last year. However, since it was submitted to external verification and the numbers were reviewed according to the recommendations of the verifier there was just a slight increase due to this review. In comparison to the last Inventory made for the city, which has 2005 as the base year, there was a significant increase in emissions (around 75%) mainly due to the start of operations in 2010 of a new steel mill plant inside the city border, TKCSA. | 2015 | 6476631 | (-22.9054389°, -43.5614471°) | (-14.235004°, -51.92528°) |
| 39 | 42120 | City of Salvador | Brazil | Salvador | C40 | 2016 | 12/31/2013 12:00:00 | Global Protocol for Community-Scale Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventories (GPC), (WRI, C40 and ICLEI) | 3698964 | 2014 | 2902927 | (-12.97304°, -38.502304°) | (-14.235004°, -51.92528°) | |||
| 40 | 60602 | Town of Ajax, ON | Canada | Ajax, ON | 2016 | 12/31/2008 12:00:00 | International Emissions Analysis Protocol (ICLEI) | PCP Protocol method | 538836 | Increased | Emissions have increased as the population of the Town has increased since 2008 from 103,855 to 130,335 people in 2016. | 2011 | 109600 | (43.850855°, -79.020373°) | (56.130366°, -106.346771°) | |
| 41 | 35475 | City of Calgary | Canada | Calgary | 2016 | 12/31/2015 12:00:00 | Global Protocol for Community-Scale Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventories (GPC), (WRI, C40 and ICLEI) | This is the first year using this protocol. The inventory was completed to a BASIC level. | 18207232 | Decreased | The community emissions decreased in 2015. This is likely due to a warm winter season as well as slower economic conditions in the city. | 2015 | 1203915 | (51.048615°, -114.070846°) | (56.130366°, -106.346771°) | |
| 42 | 50579 | City of Winnipeg | Canada | City of Winnipeg | 2016 | 12/31/1998 12:00:00 | Other | This was applied in compliance with the national Partners for Climate Protection program, | 5257325 | Decreased | Some waste fell outside of measurement scope. Decrease in natural gas consumption (reason unknown). | 2015 | 718400 | (49.8997541°, -97.1374937°) | (56.130366°, -106.346771°) | |
| 43 | 58610 | Municipality of Hjørring | Denmark | Hjørring | 2016 | 12/31/2014 12:00:00 | Other | 417000 | Decreased | Collective supply: decrease in fuel consumption, especially from fossil fuels. Electricity production has decreased substantially. Industry: Large decrease in fuel consumption, especially from fossil fuels. | 2016 | 65308 | (57.456779°, 9.995764°) | (56.26392°, 9.501785°) | ||
| 44 | 31117 | City of Toronto | Canada | Toronto | C40 | 2016 | 12/31/2013 12:00:00 | Global Protocol for Community-Scale Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventories (GPC), (WRI, C40 and ICLEI) | Currently, Toronto’s emissions calculations focus on our major emissions sources – energy (heating and cooling), transportation (mobile sources), and waste. a. Energy Heating and Cooling: The City of Toronto’s emissions factors for electricity and natural gas are updated annually and based on the National Inventory Reports (Environment Canada); however, the City of Toronto adds a 10% transmission loss to the NIR figure. Additionally, data is acquired from Toronto Hydro and Enbridge Gas on the electricity and natural gas consumption of the entire city, including residential, industrial, commercial, institutional etc... b. Transportation: Data are collected and standardized only for car and truck traffic through the City using four main sources: -truck traffic counts of over 2,000 intersections throughout the city from the City of Toronto’s Transportation Services Division -accumulated traffic count data from years 1987 to 2009 from the City of Toronto’s Transportation Services Division --a Canadian standard developed by a Canadian consultant The above traffic data is then used to calculate “vehicle kilometers traveled” (VKT) and emissions factors for vehicle types are applied to calculate total emissions from mobile sources. c. Waste: Tonnages of waste and approximate waste compositions are used in mass balance equations in the calculation of emissions from landfills. | 18320966 | Decreased | a. Eliminating the use of coal in the electricity mix which facilitated substantive per capita reductions in energy consumption b. Significantly reducing the amount of waste going to landfill, and therefore, the amount of methane gas generated Our transportation emissions have remained the same because we have not been able to update this data for the year 2012 and so we used the same data from 2011 for our inventory. | 2011 | 2753100 | (43.653226°, -79.3831843°) | (56.130366°, -106.346771°) |
| 45 | 35868 | Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg | Germany | Hamburg | 2016 | 12/31/2013 12:00:00 | Other | The emissions figures in fields C1.4 and C1.6 solely state Hamburg’s CO2 emissions (sum of Scope 1 and Scope 2 emissions) – they do not include any CH4, N2O etc. emissions. This is due to the statistical principles used in Germany for the "Energiebilanzen der Bundesländer" (energy balances of the German federal states) and the "CO2-Bilanzen der Bundesländer" (CO2 balances of the German federal states), which are based on the energy consumption within the respective statistical area. Nevertheless, these figures do reflect Hamburg’s CO2e emissions quite accurately, because CH4, N2O etc. emissions only cause less than 4% of Hamburg’s overall CO2e emissions. | 17755 | Decreased | The most important factor responsible for the lower emissions is – despite a generally strong economic growth – a strong decline in the consumption of natural gas and petroleum products in the industry sector. However, a few industrial large-scale consumers in the field of petroleum and metal industry, whose production usually fluctuates, are responsible for a significant percentage of the consumption. | 2014 | 1762791 | (53.5510846°, 9.9936818°) | (51.165691°, 10.451526°) | |
| 46 | 43912 | City of Edmonton | Canada | Edmonton | 2016 | 12/31/2014 12:00:00 | International Emissions Analysis Protocol (ICLEI) | Each year we manually collect empirical utility use information from the utilities for natural gas and electricity used within the geographic border of the City of Edmonton. This information is provided to us in various reporting categories such as residential, commercial and industrial. We are now receiving this information at the finest level of granularity that can be provided from the utilities. Propane fuel use for transportation is taken from Statistics Canada as recorded for the Province of Alberta, and then prorated according to the population of Edmonton compared to the population of Alberta. The diesel and gasoline use in litres is done in a similar fashion, but the information in this case is provided to us from the Alberta provincial government. The natural gas consumption in vehicles is received directly from the natural gas distributor. The conversion factors are derived from various sources: electricity grid intensity comes from Statistics Canada - this factor, is always two years behind the calendar year; natural gas and liquid fuels from US Environmental protection Agency, or Natural Resources Canada references, and the local utilities. The data is input manually each year into an excel spreadsheet model, and the conversion factors are checked for updates each year. Reports on the results are sent out on an as needed, customized basis. | 16576702 | Increased | The changes from the 2013 dataset are as follows:Residential increased slightly, likely due to an increase in about 9,000 customers over the year, commercial increased energy consumption possibly due to a slight expansion in numbers, industrial showed a small decrease in emissions but we can't determine why, it was very much the same as 2013 values. All the vechicle fuel consumption numbers: gasoline, diesel, propane, natural gas for vehicles were very much the same as for 2013, "Other" emissions went up slightly due to an increase in some industrial sector emission due to production increases. Overall, total EMISSIONS in 2014 went up by 3.3% over 2013. | 2014 | 878000 | (53.544389°, -113.4909267°) | (56.130366°, -106.346771°) | |
| 47 | 50555 | City of Hamilton | Canada | Hamilton | 2016 | 12/31/2012 12:00:00 | International Emissions Analysis Protocol (ICLEI) | Waste information directly from Public Works and reports to Ministry of Environment re: energy capture of methane control at landfill Transportation and Agriculture data from Statistics Canada Census Industrial (Steel Sector) GHG emissions data reported directly to Canada's National Pollutants Release Inventory (NPRI) Commercial, Residential, Industrial (not Steel) from local electricity and natural gas utilities | 16469283 | Decreased | In 2012 community emissions were estimated at 16,469,283 tonnes, a reduction of - 29% from 2006 emissions levels (estimated at 23,206,135 tonnes). These changes occurred due to the capturing of energy from methane emissions from the Glanbrook landfill, reduced energy demand and shifting of energy from coal as part of the Province’s actions towards the phasing out of coal in Ontario’s energy mixture sources by 2014, a reduction in steel manufacturing, and changing commuting habits and locations of employment. Translated into per capita emissions, the Hamilton community has decreased its emissions by 26% from an estimated 46 tonnes CO2e/person in 2006 to an estimated 34 tonnes CO2e/person in 2011 while population has increased 3%. | 2011 | 519949 | (43.250021°, -79.866091°) | (56.130366°, -106.346771°) | |
| 48 | 58489 | Hoeje-Taastrup Kommune | Denmark | Hoeje-Taastrup Kommune | 2016 | 12/31/2014 12:00:00 | Global Protocol for Community-Scale Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventories (GPC), (WRI, C40 and ICLEI) | National standard for municipalities in Denmark | 297000 | Decreased | From 390.000 ton CO2 in 2009. Energy conservation activities, conversion from oil and electricity heating to district heating, less fossil fuel in the combined heat and power production as well as in the district heating | 2016 | 50002 | (55.656328°, 12.2898°) | (56.26392°, 9.501785°) | |
| 49 | 42178 | Distrito Metropolitano de Quito | Ecuador | Distrito Metropolitano de Quito | C40 | 2016 | 12/31/2011 12:00:00 | Global Protocol for Community-Scale Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventories (GPC), (WRI, C40 and ICLEI) | 5233350 | Decreased | The GHGs emissions in 2011, decreased in comparison to the 2007 projected GHGs emissions growth rate, particularly in the transport sector. | 2010 | 2239191 | (-0.2333°, -78.5167°) | (-1.831239°, -78.183406°) | |
| 50 | 50558 | City of London, ON | Canada | London, ON | 2016 | 12/31/2014 12:00:00 | International Emissions Analysis Protocol (ICLEI) | as adapted by ICLEI Canada for use in the FCM's Partners for Climate Protection Program | 3070000 | Increased | Winter temperatures in 2014 were below normal (i.e., the "Polar Vortex") compared to 2013 (normal winter temperatures) and the unusually warm winter of 2012. As a result, overall natural gas use was up by eight percent in 2014 compared to 2013. Total greenhouse gas emissions from London have decreased compared to the peak in 2007. In 2014, greenhouse gas emissions were 19 percent lower than 2007. In fact, London's emissions in 2014 were six percent lower than the 1990 level used to benchmark emission reduction efforts. This is below the Kyoto Protocol objective (six percent below 1990) that Canada had previously committed to. Greenhouse gas emissions associated with electricity are significantly lower in 2014 (about 80 percent) than their peak in 2003. In 2014, only 0.1 percent of Ontario's electricity demand was generated by burning coal as these plants were shut down, and 10 percent was generated by burning natural gas. The rest of Ontario's electricity demand was met with emissions-free generation: 62 percent nuclear, 24 percent hydroelectric, 4 percent wind and other renewables. Conservation and peak demand reduction programs also contribute to lower emissions from power generation. Unfortunately, lower demand from the economic slow-down in manufacturing sector also contributes to lower emissions. | 2014 | 375000 | (42.9837°, -81.2497°) | (56.130366°, -106.346771°) |
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In 2016, 189 global cities publicly disclosed their annual city-wide emissions. Includes information about how cities measured emissions (primary protocol), as well as why emissions rose/fell since prior reporting period.
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