Go back to the interactive dataset
2021 Cities - Vulnerability and Adaptation
This is a filtered view based on 2021 Full Cities Dataset.
| Row number | Questionnaire | Year Reported to CDP | Account Number | Organization | Country | CDP Region | Parent Section | Section | Question Number | Question Name | Column Number | Column Name | Row Number | Row Name | Response Answer | Comments | File Name | Last update |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 146851 | Cities 2021 | 2021 | 859170 | Ogori City | Japan | East Asia | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.2 | Please identify and describe the factors that most greatly affect your city’s ability to adapt to climate change and indicate how those factors either support or challenge this ability. | 3 | Level of degree to which factor challenges/supports the adaptive capacity of your city | 0 | 01/20/2022 02:27:05 | ||||
| 146852 | Cities 2021 | 2021 | 13067 | City of New Orleans, LA | United States of America | North America | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.1 | Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact. | 7 | Please identify which vulnerable populations are affected | 2 | Persons with disabilities | 01/20/2022 02:27:05 | |||
| 146853 | Cities 2021 | 2021 | 848474 | Richmond Council | United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | Europe | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.1 | Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact. | 4 | Current magnitude of hazard | 5 | Medium Low | The council is considering hazards in the context of the 2021 CCC "Independent Assessment of UK Climate Risk". The report identified more than 60 risks. London in particular is at risk from various direct impacts, including: -Flooding: sea level rise and incidence of tidal flooding; surface water and river flooding -Heatwaves especially as London suffers from the heat island effect with risks to human health, wellbeing and productivity from increased exposure to heat in homes and other buildings-Drought-Storminess and extreme eventsIndirectly, the residents of Richmond are some of the highest consumers in the country. Key areas for adaptation therefore relate to indirect impacts around •Risks to supply of food, goods and vital services due to climate-related collapse of supply chains and distribution networks•Risks to people and the economy from failure of the power system•Multiple other risks to the UK from impacts overseas | 01/20/2022 02:27:05 | ||
| 146854 | Cities 2021 | 2021 | 61427 | Municipality of Nacala | Mozambique | Africa | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.1 | Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact. | 7 | Please identify which vulnerable populations are affected | 5 | Low-income households | 01/20/2022 02:27:05 | |||
| 146855 | Cities 2021 | 2021 | 73530 | Town of Lexington, MA | United States of America | North America | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.1 | Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact. | 11 | When do you first expect to experience those changes in frequency and intensity? | 1 | Immediately | 01/20/2022 02:27:05 | |||
| 146856 | Cities 2021 | 2021 | 840255 | Prefeitura de Iperó | Brazil | Latin America | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.1 | Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact. | 5 | Social impact of hazard overall | 1 | Increased resource demand | 01/20/2022 02:27:05 | |||
| 146857 | Cities 2021 | 2021 | 50551 | City of Long Beach, CA | United States of America | North America | 6. Opportunities | Finance and Economic Opportunities | 6.5 | List any mitigation, adaptation, water related or resilience projects you have planned within your city for which you hope to attract financing and provide details on the estimated costs and status of the project. If your city does not have any relevant projects, please select 'No relevant projects' under 'Project Area'. | 8 | Total cost of project | 1 | 01/20/2022 02:27:05 | ||||
| 146858 | Cities 2021 | 2021 | 60216 | Växjö kommun | Sweden | Europe | 3. Adaptation | Adaptation Actions | 3.0 | Please describe the main actions you are taking to reduce the risk to, and vulnerability of, your city’s infrastructure, services, citizens, and businesses from climate change as identified in the Climate Hazards section. | 7 | Sectors/areas adaptation action applies to | 2 | Spatial Planning | 01/20/2022 02:27:05 | |||
| 146859 | Cities 2021 | 2021 | 852443 | Ferndale, MI | United States of America | North America | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.2 | Please identify and describe the factors that most greatly affect your city’s ability to adapt to climate change and indicate how those factors either support or challenge this ability. | 2 | Indicate if this factor either supports or challenges the ability to adapt | 2 | Challenges | 01/20/2022 02:27:05 | |||
| 146860 | Cities 2021 | 2021 | 57347 | Pingtung County Government | Taiwan, Greater China | East Asia | 3. Adaptation | Adaptation Goals | 3.3 | Please describe the main goals of your city’s adaptation efforts and the metrics / KPIs for each goal. | 5 | Does this goal align with a requirement from a higher level of government? | 8 | Yes | 01/20/2022 02:27:05 | |||
| 146861 | Cities 2021 | 2021 | 54513 | Uppsala kommun | Sweden | Europe | 3. Adaptation | Adaptation Actions | 3.0 | Please describe the main actions you are taking to reduce the risk to, and vulnerability of, your city’s infrastructure, services, citizens, and businesses from climate change as identified in the Climate Hazards section. | 9 | Finance status | 1 | Finance secured | 01/20/2022 02:27:05 | |||
| 146862 | Cities 2021 | 2021 | 31114 | City of Sydney | Australia | Southeast Asia and Oceania | 1. Governance and Data Management | Governance | 1.2 | Please list the local government departments involved in the GCC program and its role. | 2 | Number of employees in the department | 0 | 01/20/2022 02:27:05 | ||||
| 146863 | Cities 2021 | 2021 | 834402 | Yokosuka City | Japan | East Asia | 6. Opportunities | Finance and Economic Opportunities | 6.5 | List any mitigation, adaptation, water related or resilience projects you have planned within your city for which you hope to attract financing and provide details on the estimated costs and status of the project. If your city does not have any relevant projects, please select 'No relevant projects' under 'Project Area'. | 4 | Status of financing | 0 | 01/20/2022 02:27:05 | ||||
| 146864 | Cities 2021 | 2021 | 61790 | City of Emeryville, CA | United States of America | North America | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.2 | Please identify and describe the factors that most greatly affect your city’s ability to adapt to climate change and indicate how those factors either support or challenge this ability. | 3 | Level of degree to which factor challenges/supports the adaptive capacity of your city | 3 | Significantly challenges | 01/20/2022 02:27:05 | |||
| 146865 | Cities 2021 | 2021 | 60003 | Baguio City | Philippines | Southeast Asia and Oceania | 3. Adaptation | Adaptation Actions | 3.0 | Please describe the main actions you are taking to reduce the risk to, and vulnerability of, your city’s infrastructure, services, citizens, and businesses from climate change as identified in the Climate Hazards section. | 6 | Co-benefit area | 1 | Disaster preparedness | 01/20/2022 02:27:05 | |||
| 146866 | Cities 2021 | 2021 | 49359 | City of Harare | Zimbabwe | Africa | 6. Opportunities | Finance and Economic Opportunities | 6.9 | Has your city taken steps to decarbonize the investments held by the city retirement funds and/or municipal investments, e.g. by making a commitment to divest from fossil fuels and/or increase sustainable investments? | 1 | Response | 1 | Municipal investments, e.g. by divesting from fossil fuels | 01/20/2022 02:27:05 | |||
| 146867 | Cities 2021 | 2021 | 841540 | South Lakeland District Council | United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | Europe | 3. Adaptation | Adaptation Planning Process | 3.5 | Please explain how your city has addressed vulnerable groups through transformative action. | 0 | 0 | Question not applicable | 01/20/2022 02:27:05 | ||||
| 146868 | Cities 2021 | 2021 | 60546 | Nanjing Municipal People's Government | China | East Asia | 6. Opportunities | Opportunities | 6.0 | Please indicate the opportunities your city has identified as a result of addressing climate change and describe how the city is positioning itself to take advantage of these opportunities. | 1 | Opportunity | 6 | Development of resource conservation and management | 01/20/2022 02:27:05 | |||
| 146869 | Cities 2021 | 2021 | 69995 | Kemin kaupunki | Finland | Europe | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.1 | Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact. | 5 | Social impact of hazard overall | 5 | Increased demand for public services | 01/20/2022 02:27:05 | |||
| 146870 | Cities 2021 | 2021 | 834143 | Hokuto City | Japan | East Asia | 6. Opportunities | Climate Action Planning | 6.13 | How many people within your city are employed in green jobs/industries? | 3 | If you analyse demographic variables, please indicate which variables from the list below | 1 | Green jobs/industries | Question not applicable | 01/20/2022 02:27:05 | ||
| 146871 | Cities 2021 | 2021 | 36261 | Comune di Bolzano | Italy | Europe | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.1 | Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact. | 2 | Did this hazard significantly impact your city before 2021? | 3 | Yes | 01/20/2022 02:27:05 | |||
| 146872 | Cities 2021 | 2021 | 31182 | City of San Francisco, CA | United States of America | North America | 6. Opportunities | Collaboration | 6.2a | Please provide some key examples of how your city collaborates with business and/or industries in the table below. | 2 | Type of collaboration | 1 | Policy and regulation consultation | 01/20/2022 02:27:05 | |||
| 146873 | Cities 2021 | 2021 | 55799 | Arlington, VA | United States of America | North America | 3. Adaptation | Adaptation Actions | 3.0 | Please describe the main actions you are taking to reduce the risk to, and vulnerability of, your city’s infrastructure, services, citizens, and businesses from climate change as identified in the Climate Hazards section. | 2 | Action | 1 | Air quality initiatives | 01/20/2022 02:27:05 | |||
| 146874 | Cities 2021 | 2021 | 60053 | Indore Municipal Corporation | India | South and West Asia | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.1 | Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact. | 2 | Did this hazard significantly impact your city before 2021? | 5 | 01/20/2022 02:27:05 | ||||
| 146875 | Cities 2021 | 2021 | 840529 | Ayuntamiento de Victoria (Tamaulipas) | Mexico | Latin America | 3. Adaptation | Adaptation Actions | 3.1 | Describe how your city identified and prioritized adaptation actions to implement. | 2 | Comment | 1 | Identifying and prioritizing adaptation actions | Question not applicable | 01/20/2022 02:27:05 | ||
| 146876 | Cities 2021 | 2021 | 840070 | Somerset West and Taunton | United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | Europe | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Risk and Vulnerability Assessment | 2.0c | Please explain why your city does not have a climate risk and vulnerability assessment. | 1 | Reason | 1 | Please explain | Question not applicable | 01/20/2022 02:27:05 | ||
| 146877 | Cities 2021 | 2021 | 848474 | Richmond Council | United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | Europe | 1. Governance and Data Management | Governance | 1.0 | Please detail sustainability goals and targets (e.g. GHG reductions) that are incorporated into your city’s master plan and describe how these are addressed in the table below. | 1 | Sustainability goals and targets | 6 | Adaptation targets | 01/20/2022 02:27:05 | |||
| 146878 | Cities 2021 | 2021 | 35871 | City of Monterrey | Mexico | Latin America | 3. Adaptation | Adaptation Goals | 3.3 | Please describe the main goals of your city’s adaptation efforts and the metrics / KPIs for each goal. | 3 | Target year of goal | 1 | 2030 | 01/20/2022 02:27:05 | |||
| 146879 | Cities 2021 | 2021 | 859144 | Kizugawa City | Japan | East Asia | 6. Opportunities | Collaboration | 6.3 | Describe how your local/regional government collaborates and coordinates horizontally on climate action. | 1 | Entity with which your local/regional government collaborates and coordinates horizontally on climate action | 1 | Horizontal collaboration and coordination | Question not applicable | 01/20/2022 02:27:05 | ||
| 146880 | Cities 2021 | 2021 | 845130 | Prefeitura de Canápolis | Brazil | Latin America | 1. Governance and Data Management | Governance | 1.6 | Please provide information on the overall impact of COVID-19 on climate action in your city. | 1 | Impact of COVID-19 on climate action in your city | 1 | Response | No change on emphasis on climate action | 01/20/2022 02:27:05 | ||
| 146881 | Cities 2021 | 2021 | 60018 | City of Zamboanga | Philippines | Southeast Asia and Oceania | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.2 | Please identify and describe the factors that most greatly affect your city’s ability to adapt to climate change and indicate how those factors either support or challenge this ability. | 2 | Indicate if this factor either supports or challenges the ability to adapt | 6 | Challenges | 01/20/2022 02:27:05 | |||
| 146882 | Cities 2021 | 2021 | 859147 | Town of Yosano | Japan | East Asia | 6. Opportunities | Finance and Economic Opportunities | 6.9 | Has your city taken steps to decarbonize the investments held by the city retirement funds and/or municipal investments, e.g. by making a commitment to divest from fossil fuels and/or increase sustainable investments? | 1 | Response | 1 | Municipal investments, e.g. by divesting from fossil fuels | Question not applicable | 01/20/2022 02:27:05 | ||
| 146883 | Cities 2021 | 2021 | 834406 | Municipality of San Pedro Tlaquepaque | Mexico | Latin America | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.2 | Please identify and describe the factors that most greatly affect your city’s ability to adapt to climate change and indicate how those factors either support or challenge this ability. | 1 | Factors that affect ability to adapt | 5 | Public health | 01/20/2022 02:27:05 | |||
| 146884 | Cities 2021 | 2021 | 831618 | Yaoundé 4 | Cameroon | Africa | 6. Opportunities | Finance and Economic Opportunities | 6.5 | List any mitigation, adaptation, water related or resilience projects you have planned within your city for which you hope to attract financing and provide details on the estimated costs and status of the project. If your city does not have any relevant projects, please select 'No relevant projects' under 'Project Area'. | 8 | Total cost of project | 1 | 51000000000 | 01/20/2022 02:27:05 | |||
| 146885 | Cities 2021 | 2021 | 73755 | Legazpi City | Philippines | Southeast Asia and Oceania | 3. Adaptation | Adaptation Actions | 3.0 | Please describe the main actions you are taking to reduce the risk to, and vulnerability of, your city’s infrastructure, services, citizens, and businesses from climate change as identified in the Climate Hazards section. | 11 | Total cost of the project (currency) | 24 | 85000000 | 01/20/2022 02:27:05 | |||
| 146886 | Cities 2021 | 2021 | 31115 | City of Johannesburg | South Africa | Africa | 3. Adaptation | Adaptation Actions | 3.0 | Please describe the main actions you are taking to reduce the risk to, and vulnerability of, your city’s infrastructure, services, citizens, and businesses from climate change as identified in the Climate Hazards section. | 8 | Action description and implementation progress | 3 | Among other measures that Johannesburg wants to put in place is to institutionalize drought tariffs. This will serve as a deterrent for heavy water users in times of drought. | 01/20/2022 02:27:05 | |||
| 146887 | Cities 2021 | 2021 | 60003 | Baguio City | Philippines | Southeast Asia and Oceania | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.1 | Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact. | 11 | When do you first expect to experience those changes in frequency and intensity? | 2 | Immediately | 01/20/2022 02:27:05 | |||
| 146888 | Cities 2021 | 2021 | 59166 | Municipalidad de Independencia | Chile | Latin America | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.1 | Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact. | 1 | Climate Hazards | 7 | Storm and wind > Severe wind | 01/20/2022 02:27:05 | |||
| 146889 | Cities 2021 | 2021 | 35882 | City of Tampa, FL | United States of America | North America | 3. Adaptation | Adaptation Planning | 3.2a | Please provide more information on your plan that addresses climate change adaptation and/or resilience and attach the document. Please provide details on the boundary of your plan, and where this differs from your city’s boundary, please provide an explanation. | 3 | Sectors/areas covered by plan that addresses climate change adaptation | 1 | Transport (Mobility) | 01/20/2022 02:27:05 | |||
| 146890 | Cities 2021 | 2021 | 55325 | Município de Águeda | Portugal | Europe | 6. Opportunities | Climate Action Planning | 6.13 | How many people within your city are employed in green jobs/industries? | 1 | Number of people in your city employed in green jobs and/or industries | 1 | Green jobs/industries | Question not applicable | 01/20/2022 02:27:05 | ||
| 146891 | Cities 2021 | 2021 | 54124 | City of Fremont, CA | United States of America | North America | 3. Adaptation | Adaptation Goals | 3.3 | Please describe the main goals of your city’s adaptation efforts and the metrics / KPIs for each goal. | 2 | Climate hazards that adaptation goal addresses | 1 | Flood and sea level rise > Permanent inundation | 01/20/2022 02:27:05 | |||
| 146892 | Cities 2021 | 2021 | 60906 | Municipalidad de Vitacura | Chile | Latin America | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.1 | Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact. | 4 | Current magnitude of hazard | 8 | Low | 01/20/2022 02:27:05 | |||
| 146893 | Cities 2021 | 2021 | 31446 | Taipei City Government | Taiwan, Greater China | East Asia | 3. Adaptation | Adaptation Actions | 3.1 | Describe how your city identified and prioritized adaptation actions to implement. | 1 | Method | 1 | Identifying and prioritizing adaptation actions | Question not applicable | 01/20/2022 02:27:05 | ||
| 146894 | Cities 2021 | 2021 | 54614 | Prefeitura da Cidade de São José do Rio Preto | Brazil | Latin America | 6. Opportunities | Finance and Economic Opportunities | 6.8 | Has your city established a fund to invest in climate projects? | 3 | Comment | 1 | Funds | Question not applicable | 01/20/2022 02:27:05 | ||
| 146895 | Cities 2021 | 2021 | 31155 | City of Buenos Aires | Argentina | Latin America | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.1 | Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact. | 5 | Social impact of hazard overall | 2 | Increased demand for public services | 01/20/2022 02:27:05 | |||
| 146896 | Cities 2021 | 2021 | 50713 | Chuncheon City | Republic of Korea | East Asia | 2. Climate Hazards and Vulnerability | Climate Hazards | 2.1 | Please list the most significant climate hazards faced by your city and indicate the probability and consequence of these hazards, as well as the expected future change in frequency and intensity. Please also select the most relevant assets or services that are affected by the climate hazard and provide a description of the impact. | 1 | Climate Hazards | 21 | Biological hazards > Water-borne disease | 01/20/2022 02:27:05 | |||
| 146897 | Cities 2021 | 2021 | 54109 | City of Bloomington, IN | United States of America | North America | 3. Adaptation | Adaptation Planning | 3.2a | Please provide more information on your plan that addresses climate change adaptation and/or resilience and attach the document. Please provide details on the boundary of your plan, and where this differs from your city’s boundary, please provide an explanation. | 11 | Describe the synergies, trade-offs, and co-benefits of this interaction | 1 | 01/20/2022 02:27:05 | ||||
| 146898 | Cities 2021 | 2021 | 54125 | City of Boise, ID | United States of America | North America | 1. Governance and Data Management | Governance | 1.6 | Please provide information on the overall impact of COVID-19 on climate action in your city. | 1 | Impact of COVID-19 on climate action in your city | 1 | Response | 01/20/2022 02:27:05 | |||
| 146899 | Cities 2021 | 2021 | 31051 | Coventry City Council | United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | Europe | 6. Opportunities | Opportunities | 6.0 | Please indicate the opportunities your city has identified as a result of addressing climate change and describe how the city is positioning itself to take advantage of these opportunities. | 2 | Describe how the city is maximizing this opportunity | 11 | The Very Light Rail development is delivered by a collaboration of private sector investors and Public sector. The project is a sustainable alternative to trains and buses and will create better links within the city. The development of VLR will reduce the emission of harmful GHG emissions and improve air quality. | 01/20/2022 02:27:05 | |||
| 146900 | Cities 2021 | 2021 | 73759 | Jambi City | Indonesia | Southeast Asia and Oceania | 3. Adaptation | Adaptation Actions | 3.0 | Please describe the main actions you are taking to reduce the risk to, and vulnerability of, your city’s infrastructure, services, citizens, and businesses from climate change as identified in the Climate Hazards section. | 9 | Finance status | 9 | 01/20/2022 02:27:05 |
About
This information is now on Primer
All the information that is in this pane, and more, is now on Primer, in a more consumable and user friendly format. You can also edit metadata from this page.
Take me there!
Description
This data is collected through the CDP-ICLEI Unified Reporting System. When using this data, please cite both organisations using the following wording: ‘This data was collected in partnership by CDP and ICLEI - Local Governments for Sustainability’.
This dataset contains a subset of the related full cities dataset, covering Climate Risk and Vulnerability Assessment and Adaptation Action questions for publicly disclosing cities in 2021. The platform is still open and the dataset is updated daily to reflect new submissions.
To view the cities 2021 questionnaire guidance, including all questions asked to cities in 2021, visit https://www.cdp.net/en/guidance/guidance-for-cities.
For any questions, including guidance on how to reference this data in your own work, please contact cities@cdp.net.
Please note that this dataset may contain data from cities or, in some instances, groups of cities at different administrative levels. This includes metropolitan areas, combined authorities, and some regional councils.
When using the inventory data for aggregation, comparison and trend analysis, please note that the inventory data is based on non-verified self-reported city inputs. The reported inventory may not include all emission sources within the city boundary.
Activity
- Community Rating
-
Current value: 0 out of 5
- Raters
- 0
- Visits
- 2536
- Downloads
- 24
- Comments
- 0
- Contributors
- 0
Meta
- Category
- Governance
- Permissions
- Public
- Tags
- 2021, cities
- SODA2 Only
- Yes
Licensing and Attribution
- Data Provided By
- (none)
- Source Link
- (none)
License Type
- License Type
- CDP Open Database License
