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2017 Cities Water Risks

Row numberAccount NoOrganisationCityCountryRegionAccessC40Reporting yearRisks to city’s water supply​TimescaleMagnitudeRisk descriptionCurrent populationPopulation yearCity locationCountry location
55131146Addis Ababa City AdministrationAddis AbabaEthiopiaAfricaPublicC402017Increased water stress or scarcityMedium-termExtremely seriouswater stress or scarcity frequently seen through out my city due to declining of annual rainfall.38000002013(9.028874°, 38.754366°)(9.145°, 40.489673°)
55231146Addis Ababa City AdministrationAddis AbabaEthiopiaAfricaPublicC402017Increased water stress or scarcityLong-termExtremely seriousVery aging of the infrastructure causes the leakage of water and waste materials also get into the pipe through damaged part of the material.38000002013(9.028874°, 38.754366°)(9.145°, 40.489673°)
55350782Dhaka CityDhakaBangladeshSouth and West AsiaPublicC402017Increased water stress or scarcityCurrentSeriousCrysis of drinking water145431242011(23.810332°, 90.412518°)(23.685°, 90.3563°)
55454298Dalian Municipal People's GovernmentDalianChinaEast AsiaPublicC402017Increased water stress or scarcityLong-termSeriousIncreased water stress or scarcity60800002008(38.914°, 121.6147°)(35.86166°, 104.195397°)
55536039Accra Metropolitan AssemblyAccraGhanaAfricaPublicC402017Increased water stress or scarcity22913522013(5.565437°, -0.168191°)(7.946527°, -1.023194°)
55631186Changwon CityChangwon South KoreaEast AsiaPublicC402017Increased water stress or scarcityShort-termLess serious#NAME?10639072016(35.154167°, 126.949167°)(35.907757°, 127.766922°)
55754364City of Kuala LumpurKuala LumpurMalaysiaSouth Asia and OceaniaPublicC402017Increased water stress or scarcityShort-termLess seriouswater supply (household pipe) is not drinkable.18900002015(3.139003°, 101.686855°)(4.210484°, 101.975766°)
55831172Mexico CityMexico CityMexicoLatin AmericaPublicC402017Increased water stress or scarcityCurrentExtremely seriousSo far there is a 41.1% leaks in the water system. There is a constant aquifer pressure, the 2040 water plan has identified the high level of risk to provide the service.88747242014(19.4326077°, -99.133208°)(23.634501°, -102.552784°)
55935913City of NairobiNairobiKenyaAfricaPublicC402017Increased water stress or scarcityCurrentSeriousWith the flooding associated with the heavy downpours that the city experiences, there have been instances where water pipes have been swept away.45000002017(-1.292066°, 36.821946°)(-0.023559°, 37.906193°)
56031173Comune di MilanoMilanoItalyEuropePublicC402017Increased water stress or scarcityCurrentExtremely serious13599052015(45.802578°, 9.086356°)(41.87194°, 12.56738°)
56171557Quelimane Municipal CouncilQuelimaneMozambiqueAfricaPublic2017OtherCurrentExtremely serious1. Presence of cemeteries and no land fill for waste disposal and added to this, the city has no sewage system. All this posing great threat to water quality.2500002017(-17.850264°, 36.921858°)(-18.6657°, 35.5296°)
56271557Quelimane Municipal CouncilQuelimaneMozambiqueAfricaPublic2017OtherCurrentExtremely serious1. From the main tank to the end users, there are many leakages and these allow penetration of microorganisms into the water pipes2500002017(-17.850264°, 36.921858°)(-18.6657°, 35.5296°)
56331171Ayuntamiento de MadridMadridSpainEuropePublicC402017RegulatoryMedium-termLess serious31658832016(40.1076253°, -3.3875673°)(40.463667°, -3.74922°)
56471557Quelimane Municipal CouncilQuelimaneMozambiqueAfricaPublic2017OtherCurrentExtremely serious1. Water at Municipal level should be under local government control but unfortunately, in Mozambique water is managed by a central government entity (FIPAG) which does not disclose the real users to boost the revenue system of the local government2500002017(-17.850264°, 36.921858°)(-18.6657°, 35.5296°)
56531173Comune di MilanoMilanoItalyEuropePublicC402017OtherCurrentExtremely seriousterrorist attack13599052015(45.802578°, 9.086356°)(41.87194°, 12.56738°)
56632480City of AdelaideAdelaideAustraliaSouth Asia and OceaniaPublic2017RegulatoryMedium-termSeriousThe introduction of groundwater allocation planning may create a pricing mechanism for bore water, increasing water costs and restricting supply.236152016(-34.928499°, 138.600746°)(-25.274398°, 133.775136°)
56754623Prefeitura de BetimBetimBrazilLatin AmericaPublic2017RegulatoryShort-termExtremely seriousRisco de maior estresse hídrico a curto prazo caso a empresa concessionária não realize obras de adequação da infraestrutura do sistema de captação de água.3780892010(-19.967308°, -44.20119°)(-14.235004°, -51.92528°)
56854692Prefeitura Municipal de SertãozinhoSertãozinhoBrazilLatin AmericaPublic2017RegulatoryLong-termSeriousO município atualmente utiliza somente água subterrânea do aquífero Guarani para abastecimento da população. No entanto, devido à área de recarga do aquífero estar localizada em área com intensa atividade agrícola e de expansão populacional, poderá estar sujeita a contaminações e queda da qualidade da água armazenada1214122016(-21.145069°, -47.994746°)(-14.235004°, -51.92528°)
56957509Prefeitura NiteróiNiteróiBrazilLatin AmericaPublic2017RegulatoryShort-termSeriousOs corpos hídricos do municípios estão sofrendo com a sazonalidade do regime do chuva.4978832016(-22.892857°, -43.118381°)(-14.235004°, -51.92528°)
57060898Ayuntamiento de Naucalpan de JuárezNaucalpan de JuárezMexicoLatin AmericaPublic2017RegulatoryMedium-termLess seriousDescontento social8442192015(19.463084°, -99.245302°)(23.634501°, -102.552784°)
57136044Seferihisar municipalitySeferihisar TurkeyEuropePublic2017RegulatoryMedium-termLess seriousThe increasing temperatures, slowly declining precipitation and increasing population levels may cause stress to ground and underground water-resources.360002016(38.19515°, 26.834402°)(38.963745°, 35.243322°)
57254114City of AshevilleAshevilleUSANorth AmericaPublic2017RegulatoryShort-termExtremely seriousThrough the heart of Asheville runs the French Broad and Swannanoa Rivers. These are susceptible to flooding during heavy rain events. EXPOSURE Seventy percent of the local drinking water supply is provided by the North Fork Reservoir. The dam and associated infrastructure provides the reservoir’s holding capacity. Past flood events and related erosion have shown the dam to be exposed to extreme precipitation and flooding events. VULNERABILITY The construction of the dam over 60 years ago was sufficient at the time, but an increased demand for water and a greater exposure to possible dam breach has now made vulnerability high. RISK The consequence of a dam breach is very high. The resulting flood would approximate a 500-year flood, with high velocity and the potential to cause massive damage downstream. This possibility, coupled with the impact of loss of drinking water for a substantial period of time, makes this a high risk.878822014(35.5951°, -82.5515°)(37.09024°, -95.712891°)
57335857City of CincinnatiCincinnatiUSANorth AmericaPublic2017RegulatoryMedium-termSeriousPiping and pumping infrastructure in Cincinnati is aging. On a medium-term scale, we can expect that much of that infrastructure will need to be upgraded or replaced to deal not only with day-to-day water usage, but also with flood control, which will become more important, as we anticipate larger and more frequent flooding events in the future.2985502015(39.1031°, -84.512°)(37.09024°, -95.712891°)
57454113City of FlagstaffFlagstaffUSANorth AmericaPublic2017RegulatoryLong-termLess seriousEnergy costs due to water production continue to rise, placing stress on vulnerable populations.686672013(35.1992°, -111.6311°)(37.09024°, -95.712891°)
57531173Comune di MilanoMilanoItalyEuropePublicC402017OtherMedium-termSerious13599052015(45.802578°, 9.086356°)(41.87194°, 12.56738°)
57631446Taipei City GovernmentTaipeiTaiwanEast AsiaPublic2017RegulatoryCurrentSeriousAccording to Ministry of Economic Affairs Water Resources Agency, data show that Taiwan often drought, frequency of about once every two years, causing water shortages each time.26957042016(25.037525°, 121.563782°)(23.69781°, 120.960515°)
57763607Alcaldía de CórdobaCórdoba, VenezuelaVenezuelaLatin AmericaPublic2017RegulatoryCurrentSeriousESCASO TRATAMIENTO DEL AGUA353742011(7.5447°, -72.2837°)(6.42375°, -66.58973°)
57831154Bogotá Distrito CapitalBogotá ColombiaLatin AmericaPublicC402017RegulatoryMedium-termSeriousThe risk varies for each process component: Collection, adduction, treatment, storage and distribution. A risk assessment is performed based on the threat analysis (40%) and vulnerability assessment (60%). The impact can be in the short, medium and long term.79800012016(4.711°, -74.0721°)(4.570868°, -74.297333°)
57931176Prefeitura do Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazilLatin AmericaPublicC402017RegulatoryCurrentSeriousIncreased economic activity in the state of Rio has taken to increased pollution in river beds, causing the quality of Guandu reservoir to decline, demanding a longer and more expensive cleaning process. The saline intrusion can also be a risk for the quality of water used for human consumption, mainly in areas still using underground water near the coast.64988372016(-22.9054389°, -43.5614471°)(-14.235004°, -51.92528°)
58031158Hanoi CityHanoiVietnamSouth Asia and OceaniaPublicC402017OtherShort-termLess serious75589652015(21.0258°, 105.814607°)(14.058324°, 108.277199°)
58160254Prefeitura de BonitoBonitoBrazilLatin AmericaPublic2017Water lossesExtremely serious380692016(-21.125448°, -56.489385°)(-14.235004°, -51.92528°)
58260258Prefeitura de BrusqueBrusqueBrazilLatin AmericaPublic2017Water lossesShort-termSeriousAs enchentes resultam no aumento de turbidez dos mananciais o que, muitas vezes, causa a interrupção do tratamento. Além deste fator, há o aumento no consumo de água potável após a enchente, pois esta é utilizada na limpeza dos locais atingidos.1258102016(-27.093638°, -48.920654°)(-14.235004°, -51.92528°)
58354405Vejle KommuneVejleDenmarkEuropePublic2017Water lossesLong-termLess seriousThe well field to Søndre Vandværk is situated in the city and the city activities are threatening the resource. But the groundwater is extracted from a partly buried valley, which is well protected (artesian water). So far the groundwater is not polluted but it can be expected in the long-term.1075672016(55.7113°, 9.5364°)(56.26392°, 9.501785°)
58469825Municipalidad de ViedmaViedmaArgentinaLatin AmericaPublic2017Water lossesExtremely seriousSi no se toman los recaudos necesarios desde Aguas Rio Negrinas para acondicionar la planta de tratamiento de líquidos cloacales, como su ampliación y correcto y funcionamiento podríamos tenes graves problemas de contaminación fecal. Con respecto al sistema de cloacas, desde el Municipio se realizó un acuerdo con el Gobierno Nacional para financiar obras de este tipo que eviten los derrames a los desagües pluviales, de líquidos cloacales por saturación de cloacas.527892010(-40.810253°, -62.995996°)(-38.416097°, -63.616672°)
58554461Gemeente GroningenGroningenNetherlandsEuropePublic2017Water lossesMedium-termSeriousAreas have been identified where heavier showers (occurring once every 10 to 100 years) would cause floodings.2005002016(53.232386°, 6.551335°)(52.132633°, 5.291266°)
58660140City of NakuruNakuruKenyaAfricaPublic2017Water lossesCurrentSerious3698392017(-0.303099°, 36.080026°)(-0.023559°, 37.906193°)
58754119City of Palo AltoPalo AltoUSANorth AmericaPublic2017Water lossesMedium-termSeriousPotential long-term shift in hydrological regime in California and the American west.664782017(37.4419°, -122.143°)(37.09024°, -95.712891°)
58854119City of Palo AltoPalo AltoUSANorth AmericaPublic2017Water lossesMedium-termLess seriousStorm water Infrastructure needs upgrading and greening for local capture and treatment. Purple pipe infrastructure under development.664782017(37.4419°, -122.143°)(37.09024°, -95.712891°)
58949335Metropolitan Government of Nashville and Davidson CountyNashville and Davidson USANorth AmericaPublic2017Water lossesCurrentSeriousVolatility currently and into the future threatens homes, businesses, and property within and alongside the floodplain of the Cumberland River and its tributaries.6788892015(36.1627°, -86.7816°)(37.09024°, -95.712891°)
59031173Comune di MilanoMilanoItalyEuropePublicC402017Water lossesCurrentSerious13599052015(45.802578°, 9.086356°)(41.87194°, 12.56738°)
59173250Mocímboa da PraiaMocímboa da PraiaMozambiqueAfricaPublic2017OtherExtremely serious920222017(-11.353599°, 40.35224°)(-18.6657°, 35.5296°)
59273252Pemba MunicipalityPembaMozambiqueAfricaPublic2017OtherCurrentExtremely serious2045002017(-12.973203°, 40.517801°)(-18.6657°, 35.5296°)
59373240Tuzla MunicipalityTuzlaTurkeyEuropePublic2017Increased water stress or scarcityLong-termSeriousTurkey is one the those countries that will have water scarcity with its growing populations. Tuzla Municipality recognizes this risk.2350002015(44.537461°, 18.673469°)(38.963745°, 35.243322°)
59431173Comune di MilanoMilanoItalyEuropePublicC402017OtherCurrentLess serious13599052015(45.802578°, 9.086356°)(41.87194°, 12.56738°)
59531166Jakarta City GovernmentJakarta IndonesiaSouth Asia and OceaniaPublicC402017OtherCurrentSeriousPiped water coverage is still very limited, this has resulted in the utilization of underground water in an uncontrolled101559022017(-6.1751°, 106.865°)(-0.7893°, -113.9213°)
59636254Comune di VeneziaVeneziaItalyEuropePublicC402017Declining water qualityCurrentSeriousThe large amount of water extracted from the wells increases the speed of the underground flow and reduces the rate of renewal of the water: this way the water quality worsens. the entity that holds the main responsibility for water protection is the Veneto Region which enacted the Water Protection Plan.2619052016(45.4332515°, 12.3210704°)(41.87194°, 12.56738°)
59736254Comune di VeneziaVeneziaItalyEuropePublicC402017OtherMedium-termSeriousThe "hydrological balance" has evaluated relevant quantities of water (442 Mm3 / y input, 169 Mm3 / y flow out) that indicate an high volume for a system that serves a population of over 600,000 inhabitants. The balance between the use of groundwater and the groundwater recharge is negative though also due to a great demand for water for industrial and agricultural systems. The use of water from wells (of excellent quality) by private individuals is still characterized by high levels of wastage in contrast with current legislation and with the basic concepts of rational use of the resource.2619052016(45.4332515°, 12.3210704°)(41.87194°, 12.56738°)
59810894City of Los AngelesLos AngelesUSANorth AmericaPublicC402017Inadequate or aging infrastructureCurrentSeriousDeferred maintenance on water system40309042016(34.0522342°, -118.2436849°)(37.09024°, -95.712891°)
59931170Metropolitan Municipality of LimaLimaPeruLatin AmericaPublicC402017OtherMedium-termExtremely seriousEn una ciudad que alberga más de nueve millones de habitantes y que además no tiene la infraestructura necesaria para tratar el agua necesaria, es la escasez de agua un riesgo muy alto.87552622014(-12.046374°, -77.042793°)(-9.189967°, -75.015152°)
60036254Comune di VeneziaVeneziaItalyEuropePublicC402017Increased water stress or scarcityShort-termSeriousThe decrease in total rainfall reduces the overall flow of the rivers; the increase of the concentration in a few, intense and short duration rainy events facilitates the surface water sliding: both of these phenomena reduce the possibility of groundwater recharge. To give more information, the current year (winter 2016-17) Veneto is experiencing a drought that occurs (for now) quite rarely. Factors contributing to drought were as follows: warm winter with little snowfall in the Alps and in the the Alpine foothills and minimal rainfall in the Po Valley. For this reason the Veneto Region is monitoring and controlling the situation, while temporarily reducing by 20% water for the crops. Similar situations have occurred in 2003 and 1994, however this is the year with less precipitation from 1930 to today.2619052016(45.4332515°, 12.3210704°)(41.87194°, 12.56738°)

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created Aug 24 2017

updated Oct 4 2018

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CDP’s new infographic report ‘Who’s tackling urban water challenges’, produced in partnership with AECOM, the global infrastructure firm, and funded by Bloomberg Philanthropies, shows the first and most comprehensive dataset of global water action by cities and companies produced to date. Using information gathered from 569 cities and 1,432 companies, each reporting their water management activity, it illustrates how global cities and companies are responding to the escalating challenge of climate change and urban population growth.
The cities most concerned about their water supply lie in Asia and Oceania (84%); with serious risks also identified in Africa (80%) and Latin America (75%). 63% of North American cities deem climate change a risk to water supply, with fewer cities concerned in Europe (34%). 196 cities reported risks of water stress and scarcity; 132 a risk of declining water quality and 103 a risk of flooding.
Explore how cities and companies are acting on water, the CDP infographic report ‘Who’s in charge of Water Governance’, with case studies and full data is available at www.cdp.net/cities.

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