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2020 Cities Q2.2 - Budgetary Capacity as a Barrier to Adaptation

Row numberQuestionnaire NameAccount NumberAccount NameCountryCDP RegionParentSectionSectionRowNumberRowNameFactors that affect ability to adaptIndicate if this factor either supports or challenges the ability to adaptLevel of degree to which factor challenges/supports the adaptive capacity of your cityPlease describe how the factor supports or challenges the adaptive capacity of your city
1Cities 20201499Ajuntament de BarcelonaSpainEuropeClimate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards10Budgetary capacityChallenges
2Cities 20201850Birmingham City CouncilUnited Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandEuropeClimate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards7Budgetary capacityChallengesSignificantly challengesRecent budget cuts to local authorities have had a negative impact on the availability of funds to be allocated for various projects. Covid crisis have put more strain on the already stretched funds available to local authorities.
3Cities 20202185Bristol City CouncilUnited Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandEuropeClimate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards3Budgetary capacityChallengesModerately challengesReliance on financial support from national government, especially when it comes to major projects, hampers the city's ability to autonomously improve its adaptive capacity. The City Leap project is an example of how the city is moving towards other funding streams and this could also be employed in the future for adaptation.
4Cities 202013067City of New OrleansUnited States of AmericaNorth AmericaClimate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards7Budgetary capacityChallengesModerately challengesThe financial impacts brought around by the pandemic have damaged the City's budget, resulting in furloughs and pay cuts for critical staff working on climate-related issues, as well as significant budget reductions for the departments themselves and their operating budgets.
5Cities 202013506Nottingham City CouncilUnited Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandEuropeClimate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards3Budgetary capacityChallengesModerately challengesWithin the UK context, only addressing flood risk management is a statutory duty, other than considering climate change in some aspects of planning. This therefore restricts the level of funding that can be directed towards broader work on adaptation and resilience against the backdrop of austerity and now COVID-19 impacts upon public funds. It is harder to commercialise or generate business cases with near term savings or income for adaptation and resilience in the same way mitigation actions can.
6Cities 202017411Southend on Sea Borough CouncilUnited Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandEuropeClimate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards2Budgetary capacityChallengesSignificantly challengesWe are continuously looking for funding for new 'climate positive' projects. This is difficult though as they are limited and the LA itself does not have the funds for large scale programmes in order to assist Southend's adaptation to climate change. This is particularly problematic due to the financial impact of Covid-19, which will impact council budgets for the foreseeable future.Currently the Council has been reliant on grants, mainly from the EU, to deliver climate adaptation work. This approach to climate adaptation is not sustainable (especially in light of Brexit) and the Council are actively looking at alternative funding mechanisms to finance its climate investment programmes (e.g. private debt and equity, green bonds, green loans, policy performance bonds).
7Cities 202019233Município de Torres VedrasPortugalEuropeClimate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards2Budgetary capacityChallengesSignificantly challengesDificuldades financeiras para a concretização e implementação de medidas de adaptação às alterações climáticas.
8Cities 202031056Edinburgh City CouncilUnited Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandEuropeClimate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards10Budgetary capacityChallengesSignificantly challengesPublic funding has been much reduced over recent years, against a backdrop of increasing demands on finance resulting from an ageing population, other socio-economic factors, and more recently responding to the Covid pandemic, This has led to pressure on Council budgets, including those supporting adaptation.
9Cities 202031108City of HoustonUnited States of AmericaNorth AmericaClimate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards3Budgetary capacityChallengesSignificantly challengesBudgetary capacity becomes problematic when the importance of adapting the city to climate change is not prioritized.. For three consecutive years the City of Houston has faced budget cuts, approximately $80 million each year, due to the revenue cap, hurricane recovery spending, and COVID-19-related impacts. The budget shortfall that the city has faced has made it difficult to undertake projects requiring capital, even if these projects would improve efficiency and save the city money in the long run. In some cases, lack of budgetary capacity directly prevents the city and region from undertaking necessary adaptation measures. Refineries around the Houston Ship Channel and Galveston Bay produce 40% of the nation's petroleum and half of the country's jet fuel. Storm surges and flooding in this region pose two grave risks: 1) Serious environmental contamination, and 2) huge shortages of petroleum products. As a result of Hurricane Ike in 2008, 500,000 gallons of crude oil were spilled causing $29 billion in damages. A group of universities and partners have led the planning for the "Ike Dike," a defensive barrier designed to protect this key area. The project would extend an existing sea wall, construct a 17 ft revetment near the beach and add flood gates. Gates and barriers would likely be modelled after those at use in the Netherlands' Delta Works project. The project is estimated to cost $15 billion and has been stalled due to lack of funding. This project is necessary to protect public health and national security as a hurricane wiping out oil production ability in the region could cause fuel shortages and greatly impair transportation in the United States.
10Cities 202031110Roma CapitaleItalyEuropeClimate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards4Budgetary capacityChallenges
11Cities 202031156Municipality of CuritibaBrazilLatin AmericaClimate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards7Budgetary capacityChallengesSignificantly challengesFalta de recursos para ações como manutenção periódica das infraestruturas
12Cities 202031167City of LagosNigeriaAfricaClimate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards5Budgetary capacityChallengesSignificantly challengesThere is limited budgetary allocation for climate adaptation in the State during the budget planning process. The ratio of budget to various sectors such as waste management is low. Mitigation actions. are carried out in the State but with little or now knowledge on the carbon removal potential of the project from inception
13Cities 202031172Mexico CityMexicoLatin AmericaClimate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards3Budgetary capacityChallengesModerately challengesLa falta de entrada continua de presupuesto puede comprometer el desarrollo de programas y proyectos destinados a reducir la vulnerabilidad.
14Cities 202031174Moscow GovernmentRussian FederationEuropeClimate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards1Budgetary capacityChallengesSignificantly challengesMany measures to adapt urban systems to climate change require high financial costs, which is why they are not implemented quickly enough.
15Cities 202031175City of ParisFranceEuropeClimate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards7Budgetary capacityChallengesModerately challengesBudgets are not necessarily directed towards climate objectives. However, steps are taken to assess the share of the budget meeting the mitigation and adaptation objectives (green budgeting).
16Cities 202031176Prefeitura do Rio de JaneiroBrazilLatin AmericaClimate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards6Budgetary capacityChallengesModerately challengesIn a developing country city, that still has several pressing issues related to poverty and inequality, budget can be a constraint for climate related actions. It is important to always integrate social co benefits in any adaptation or mitigation actions that will help its prioritization in terms of budget planning.
17Cities 202031180Región Metropolitana de SantiagoChileLatin AmericaClimate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards4Budgetary capacityChallengesThe bigger the budget the better climate actions could be taken
18Cities 202031186Changwon CityRepublic of KoreaEast AsiaClimate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards5Budgetary capacityChallengesFactors that are challenges described above will require budget increase.
19Cities 202035268City of BostonUnited States of AmericaNorth AmericaClimate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards7Budgetary capacityChallengesHigh costs involved in taking action.
20Cities 202035274City of Portland, MEUnited States of AmericaNorth AmericaClimate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards1Budgetary capacityChallengesSignificantly challengesLarge infrastructure projects will prove challenging to fund. The COVID-19 pandemic has created significant revenue shortfalls in the city budget that constrain resources for some time.
21Cities 202035449Stadt ZürichSwitzerlandEuropeClimate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards2Budgetary capacityChallengesModerately challengesNot enough budget / financial means for alle necessary measures.
22Cities 202035857City of CincinnatiUnited States of AmericaNorth AmericaClimate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards1Budgetary capacityChallengesModerately challengesSeveral initiatives that could be gamechangers for Cincinnati's ability to adapt to climate change require significant investment, such as regional public transportation enhancement which would require several million dollars in order to enact meaningful change. change. A positive support on this front comes from the passing of alocal transit levy, Issue 7, which establishes a 0.8% countywide taxthat will channel an estimated $100 million annually towardsCincinnati’s public bus system and the future launch of a busrapid transit system.
23Cities 202035858City of Cape TownSouth AfricaAfricaClimate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards1Budgetary capacityChallengesModerately challengesAbility to implement adaptation options - especially high cost options related to water security and coastal protection - is significantly dependent on budget availability. In a developing city context this is a significant challenge. The City has a small revenue stream (based on property rates and service tariffs) compared to the number of people that the City serves.
24Cities 202035859City of ClevelandUnited States of AmericaNorth AmericaClimate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards1Budgetary capacityChallengesModerately challengesConstraints on the City's General Fund, stemming from Cleveland having a large low-income population.
25Cities 202035863eThekwini MunicipalitySouth AfricaAfricaClimate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards3Budgetary capacityChallengesModerately challengeslimited resources are prioritised for service delivery
26Cities 202035867Region Metropolitana de GuadalajaraMexicoLatin AmericaClimate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards4Budgetary capacityChallengesLa falta de un presupuesto transversal ante el cambio climático a nivel metropolitano, y la designación de recurso para la realización de acciones ante el cambio climático desde el sector público y privado, representan un desafío para la atención de este tema, ya que no se visualiza por completo el valor y la importancia de realizar acciones preventivas para evitar un mayor costo en las acciones reactivas que ocasionarán los impactos.
27Cities 202035877City of PittsburghUnited States of AmericaNorth AmericaClimate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards1Budgetary capacityChallengesAs a City still coming back from population loss we're faced with maintaining a city built to be twice its size with half of the tax revenue. That compounded with unanticipated Shocks hinders our ability to rapidly change as strains are put on our budget.
28Cities 202035893City of Dar es SalaamUnited Republic of TanzaniaAfricaClimate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards5Budgetary capacityChallengesSignificantly challengesThe finance incapability somewhat limited the implementation of projects aimed at addressing climate change. At the same time the City is making an effort to find stakeholders who can finance some projects, there are projects that use own source but its implementation has been limited as it has been implemented in phases because it depends on own source that lead to incomplete projects in time and result in not having positive results.
29Cities 202036043Abuja Federal Capital TerritoryNigeriaAfricaClimate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards1Budgetary capacityChallengesSignificantly challengesThere is limited or no budgetary allocation for climate adaptation and mitigation
30Cities 202036152Tallinn City CouncilEstoniaEuropeClimate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards7Budgetary capacityChallengesSignificantly challenges
31Cities 202036158Comune di NapoliItalyEuropeClimate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards1Budgetary capacityChallengesThe City is facing a severe economic crisis.
32Cities 202036223AntananarivoMadagascarAfricaClimate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards3Budgetary capacityChallengesmanque de ressource financière
33Cities 202036274Comune di BolognaItalyEuropeClimate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards1Budgetary capacityChallenges
34Cities 202036285Comune di FirenzeItalyEuropeClimate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards7Budgetary capacityChallengesModerately challenges
35Cities 202036426Riga CityLatviaEuropeClimate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards2Budgetary capacityChallengesSignificantly challengesThe following Sustainable Development Strategy of Riga until 2030 implementation principles enhance Riga City`s ability to adapt to climate change:Principle 1: Involvement of society and implementation of joint creation – diverse involvement of society and ensuring of participation is an integral feature of the activity of Riga municipality. The municipality takes a step further in the development of the public space by comprehending, explaining, and using joint creation as one of the most influential renewal tools.Principle 2: Observation of the identity of localities – when deciding on different issues, especially in relation to the urban environment, peculiarities of each locality and the opinion and needs of the local community are taken into account.Principle 3: Broad cooperation – the municipality of the city of Riga implements not only regular cooperation with society, but also actively collaborates with municipalities that form part of the agglomeration, other municipalities, Riga Planning Region, national power and administration organization.Principle 4: Effective use of resources and deliberative municipal property policy – decisions of the municipality`s investment project implementation should rely on a broad study of needs and solutions and detailed technical and economic justification; functionally and economically effective solutions should be chosen. Coordination of investment project implementation should be ensured with the help of development planning documents.
36Cities 202042178Distrito Metropolitano de QuitoEcuadorLatin AmericaClimate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards8Budgetary capacityChallengesSignificantly challengesLas barreras financieras son un desafío para la capacidad de adaptación. Todavía no se incluye la mitigación y adaptación al cambio climático dentro de la planificación presupuestaria de la ciudad. Todavía se consideran como proyectos aislados con poco presupuesto.
37Cities 202042384Göteborgs StadSwedenEuropeClimate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards1Budgetary capacityChallengesSignificantly challengesOne of the major challenges is who will pay and how we will be able to charge for all the necessary investments that are needed.
38Cities 202043908City of MilwaukeeUnited States of AmericaNorth AmericaClimate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards2Budgetary capacityChallengesSignificantly challengesMost climate actions undertaken by the city need to be funded by outside sources such as grants due to restrictive budget conditions
39Cities 202043912City of EdmontonCanadaNorth AmericaClimate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards2Budgetary capacityChallengesBudgetary constraints and competition for limited resources will be an ongoing challenge for delivery of climate adaptation projects. This has become even more challenging given COVID recovery efforts.
40Cities 202043914City of CharlotteUnited States of AmericaNorth AmericaClimate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards4Budgetary capacityChallengesSomewhat challengesCovid 19 has affected tax income.
41Cities 202043917Sofia MunicipalityBulgariaEuropeClimate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards7Budgetary capacityChallengesAs with any major city, Sofia's budget is earmarked for particular activities. Increased investment in climate adaptation measures is conditional on adequate political will and recognition of the issue of adaptation as one that affects problems that are already existing for the municipality.
42Cities 202043937Wellington City CouncilNew ZealandSoutheast Asia and OceaniaClimate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards1Budgetary capacityChallengesModerately challengesWellington City Council does not have the budgetary capacity to climate-proof Wellington city to cope with the impacts of climate change. Ensuring funding from Central Government is critical to ensuring Wellington will be able to adequately adapt to the coming impacts.
43Cities 202044210Yeosu Metropolitan GovernmentRepublic of KoreaEast AsiaClimate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards9Budgetary capacityChallengesSignificantly challenges
44Cities 202049327City of ProvidenceUnited States of AmericaNorth AmericaClimate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards2Budgetary capacityChallengesSignificantly challengesFacing a potential bankruptcy due to unfunded pension liabilities, the City must meet a growing list of capital improvement needs on a limited budget. The Department of Public Works has requested roadway repair, maintenance, and reconstruction, bridge and dam repair, complete streets work, striping, traffic calming, bike and pedestrian amenities, sewer and storm water management system maintenance, repair, and reconstruction, and green infrastructure implementations for fiscal years 2018-2022. Repair and replacement of the City's sidewalks is vastly underfunded. Providence's pensions system is currently underfunded, and falls short of the City's needs by about $1 billion. The City's fiscal crisis has been further exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic and resulting shortage of state and federal aid. Beginning May 31, 2020 and likely through the end of the year, the City has partially furloughed City employees across teams.http://www.providenceri.gov/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/Capital-Improvement-Plan-2018-2022.pdfhttps://www.wpri.com/news/local-news/city-leaders-providence-pension-payments-a-recipe-for-disaster/1126048843
45Cities 202049330Kansas CityUnited States of AmericaNorth AmericaClimate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards1Budgetary capacityChallengesSignificantly challengesKCMO is 319 sq miles with a tax base of around half a million people. This means large, disproportionate infrastructure costs.
46Cities 202049335Metropolitan Government of Nashville and Davidson CountyUnited States of AmericaNorth AmericaClimate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards4Budgetary capacityChallengesSignificantly challengesOngoing budget constraints further contribute to prioritize and direct funding towards climate change initiatives.
47Cities 202049339City and County of HonoluluUnited States of AmericaNorth AmericaClimate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards5Budgetary capacityChallengesAs with many cities, as the baby boomer generation retires, our significant pension and healthcare liabilities will put pressure on budgets. Garnering the political will to fund necessary investments to address long-term impacts will be a growing challenge, particularly as credit agencies begin to factor climate risk into bond ratings. While we have not experienced funding issues yet, all else equal, additional necessary investments in adaptation and mitigation will increase investment needs and put pressure on borrowing capacity. Credit rating agencies are beginning to warn about the increased costs of climate change for cities and the potential negative consequences on interest rates and funding costs.
48Cities 202049360City of TshwaneSouth AfricaAfricaClimate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards2Budgetary capacityChallengesSignificantly challengesIn the same way as climate change adaptation is not mainstreamed in City processes, insufficient budget is allocated to the function.
49Cities 202049389KyotoJapanEast AsiaClimate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards1Budgetary capacityChallengesSignificantly challenges昨今の財政事情等を考えると,集中豪雨による河川氾濫や内水氾濫,土砂災害を防ぐためのハード整備が今後の気候変動のスピードに追い付かない恐れがあり,被害の防止が難しくなる懸念がある。
50Cities 202050361Ayuntamiento de HermosilloMexicoLatin AmericaClimate Hazards and VulnerabilityClimate Hazards8Budgetary capacityChallengesModerately challengesThe recent transition of local and federal government limited the management of capital resources in the first months of work. The situation improves as the transition is consummated.

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Profile Picture Amy Bills

created May 11 2021

updated May 11 2021

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This dataset contains public responses to the 2020 Cities Questionnaire for cities that cited 'budgetary capacity' as a barrier to adaptation in question 2.2 - 'Please identify and describe the factors that most greatly affect your city’s ability to adapt to climate change and indicate how those factors either support or challenge this ability.'

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